Experiment No. 2 - PHYSIOLOGY OF STOOL FORMATION AND PROPER COLLECTION OF SPECIMEN

Question 1

may be defined as the residual mass of material remaining in the intestinal tract after the full and complete exercise of the digestive and absorptive functions and are ultimately expelled from the body through the rectum.

Answer 1

Feces

Question 2

The semi-fluid intestinal contents at the duocecal valve are transformed into feces in the (?) where the residues remain for one or more days

Answer 2

large intestine

Question 3

Food is received through the mouth, when food has been chewed to particles of proper size, mixed with salivary amylase and mucus and shaped into a lubricated (?); it is now ready for swallowing.

Answer 3

“bolus”

Question 4

The bolus is forced backward through the mouth and goes down into the (?) and into the (?).

Answer 4

pharynx
esophagus

Question 5

Food is forced into the (?) through the (?) by muscular movements known as “peristalsis”.

Answer 5

stomach
esophagus

Question 6

Gentle peristaltic movements pass over the (?) are emptied into the (?).

Answer 6

stomach
small intestine

Question 7

During the passage of intestinal contents through the (?), products of digestion together with many other compounds like vitamins, water, mineral salts are absorbed.

Answer 7

small intestine

Question 8

When the contents reach the (?), the process of absorption, with the exemption of water, is normally completed.

Answer 8

large intestine

Question 9

Here more (?) are absorbed and the remaining material leaves the body as feces.

Answer 9

water and sodium chloride

Question 10

Stool containers should be (?). It should be free from (?).

Answer 10

covered, clean, wide-mouthed and preferably colorless
water, urine and soil

Question 11

Submit the specimen (?) to the laboratory and see to it that it is (?).

Answer 11

immediately
completely and properly labeled

Question 12

Stool examination falls under (?) in a hospital set-up and thus may not be given priority since there are other specimens to be examined.

Answer 12

clinical microscopy

Question 13

However, in the diagnosis of amoebiasis, consistency of stools dictates that (?) must be examined within (?) since (?) die within this period outside the body of the host.

Answer 13

diarrheic or watery stools
30 minutes to 1 hour
trophozoites

Question 14

If transportation and examination is to be delayed it should be immediately preserved in (?).

Answer 14

10%formalin solution or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)

Question 15

The (?) .of stools to be submitted will depend on the technique that will be performed.

Answer 15

amount

Question 16

For routine stool examination, (?) will suffice.

Answer 16

20-40 g of formed stools (usually half of the thumb) or 5 -6 tbsps of watery stools

Question 17

However, there are situations when it is necessary to submit the whole stool movement like in cases where the laboratory likes to recover (?) after treatment. This is best exemplified by the examination done after Taenia species treatment.

Answer 17

helminthic adults