EXPEDITIONARY FIRST AID FUNDAMENTALS Flashcards
What is the purpose of first aid?
Save lives, prevent further injury, prevent/minimize infection
What are the three types of burns?
Thermal, electrical, chemical
What is the number one preventable death in combat?
Hemorrhage (bleeding)
Which fracture is entirely internal; bone does not protrude the skin?
Simple fracture
Which fracture has an open wound; bone protrudes from skin?
Compound fracture
What are the three types of bleeding?
Arterial, venous, capillary
What are the three priorities of care under fire?
Win the fight, direct casualty to move to cover/apply self aid if possible, ONLY when tactically feasible apply tourniquets to stop life threatening bleeding
How is choking prevented in regards to TCCC?
Head tilt chin lift & inserting an NPA
What is an effective tool that can be used if a casualty is in danger of losing his or her life (bleeding to death)?
Tourniquet
What is the number one cause of choking in regards to TCCC?
The tongue
If bleeding continues after applying a sterile field dressing, which type of pressure can be used to help control bleeding?
Direct pressure
Define first aid?
First aid is the emergency care and treatment of a sick or injured person before medical services are obtained
What is the correct position of a patient being treated for shock?
Patient should be placed on his or her back, with legs elevated 6-12 inches
What gives a rough estimate in relation to estimating the amount of burns and surface area affected to the body?
Rule of nines
What bleeding is considered to be the most serious type and is defined as having bright red, spurting blood?
Arterial
What type of bleeding flows steadily and is dark red in color?
Venous
What bleeding is the most common type and is defined as having slow, small flow of blood?
Capillary
What are the different methods used to control bleeding?
Direct pressure, pressure dressings and tourniquets.
What are symptoms of shock?
Cool & clammy skin, rapid pulse, dilated pupils, low blood pressure, altered level of consciousness
What are the degrees of burns?
1st degree, 2nd degree, 3rd degree
Describe a first degree burn?
Mild sunburn, affects only the epidermis or outer layer of skin
Describe a second degree burn?
Blistered, involves the epidermis and part of the dermis layer of skin
Describe a third degree burn?
Charred/full thickness, destroys the outer layer of the skin (epidermis) and the entire layer beneath (dermis)
Which burn may appear minor or not show on the skin at all, but damage can extend deep into the tissues beneath your skin?
Electrical burn
