Expedient Demo Flashcards
Munroe effect
Chemist Charles Edward Munroe discovered that the shockwaves created from different directions increased in speed as they reflected off of each other.
The greater the ____ of the hole, the greater the effect.
Concavity
Expedient shape charge designed to produce a ____
Tubular or linear fracture/hole in a target
Shape charges use a ____ to penetrate the target
Explosively formed plasma jet or hot air jet with no liner
Expedient shape charge fabrication
Almost any container will work, some have built in cavity liners (champagne, wine, whiskey)
Expedient shape charge optimum cavity liner
Copper, tin, zinc or glass. If not cut a cone shape cavity into the charge
Expedient shape charge optimum cavity angle
30 to 60. Most HE antitank rounds have a cavity of 42 to 45 degrees.
Expedient shape charge explosive height
2 times the cone height
Expedient shape charge standoff distance
1.5 times the diameter of the cone
Expedient shape charge detonation point
Top center of the charge
Expedient shape charge formula
Volume of cylinder - volume of cone = volume of explosive.
Miznay chardin effect
Large sheet of explosives turns a sturdy metal backing plate into a powerful blunt nosed projectile
Expedient platter charge plate weight
2 to 6 pounds
Expedient platter charge explosive weight
Equal to plate weight
Expedient platter charge priming
Rear center
Expedient platter charge construction
Use buffer for plate integrity (thick cardboard, rubber)
Grapeshot charge buffer material
Soil, leaves, felt, cloth, cardboard, wood
Grapeshot charge explosive
M112
Grapeshot ratio
Explosive weight = 1/4 projectile weight
Use 2” buffer material
Dust initiator charge size
1lb (1/2 explosive, 1/2 incendiary mix)
Explosive portion is powdered TNT
Must be thoroughly mixed
Dust initiator incendiary portion
Thermite or 2 parts aluminum powder/magnesium to 3 parts ferric oxide.
Cover size
3 to 5 lbs of dust per 1000 cubic feet of target.
3lb enclosed
5lb partially enclosed
1lb charge will work up to 40lb cover
Cover material
Coal dust, cocoa, coffee, confectioners sugar, wheat flour, aluminum or magnesium powder
Ammonium nitrate satchel charge
Most suitable for cratering
Uses ammonium nitrate and melted wax instead of oil
AN satchel charge ratio
4 lbs fertilizer to 1 lb wax
Prime with block of explosive before mixture hardens
Expedient flame fougasse directional napalm
Thickened fuel prepared and placed for command det
Best suited for base defense, physiological effect
May be used as offensive incendiary, signal or illumination
Expedient flame fougasse ratio
3 ounces m-4 thickening compound per gallon
Expedient flame fougasse mixing drum
55 gallon drum
150 oz M4 and 50 gallons fuel
Stir and roll, allow to thicken for several hours
Expedient flame fougasse construction
- Dig angled trench less than 45 degrees, leave cutout for kicker
- Place drum and tamp to increase range
- Wrap top of drum with 5-7 wraps det cord, 6 to 10 foot branch line
- Prep igniter. In place of thermite or flares use a 2 liter plastic bottle 1/2 full raw unthickened fuel, prime with overhand knot on branch line
- Place small ring main and tie in 3 branches
- Prime ring main
- Det cord wraps cup top
- Kicker expels fuel, igniter ignites fuel
Crimper method time fuse
Top of nut to top of crimpers 4 sec
Nut 1 sec
Top to bottom 25 sec
60mm priming and new
1/4 block m112
1lb new
81mm priming and new
1/3 block m112
2lb new
4.2in priming and new
1/2 block m112
9lb new
105mm priming and new
1/2 block m112
10lb new
120mm priming and new
1 block m112
10lb new
Mortar rounds can be primed ____ for ____
In the fuse well for 360 degree fragmentation and c4 conservation
Mortar and artillery filler and RE
All have comp B filler and RE of 1.38
How to prime fuse well
Remove carrying ring or fuse and pack with c4
Priming mortars and artillery externally
Up to 240mm detonate with 2lbs explosive in good contact with case, just forward of rotating band
Claymore filler
1.5 lbs c4 RE of 1.34
Hand grenade filler and RE
.5 lb comp B and RE of 1.38
White phosphorus grenade
Do not remove fuse, reacts with O2
SOF demo kit
M303
EFP
Explosively formed projectile
