Expanding Trade And Exploration Flashcards
What was Henry’s policy regarding trade?
Henry was keen to encourage trade to build up the country’s strength and wealth, especially after 1485 when his position was precarious.
How did Henry’s actions regarding trade appear?
An analysis shows no coherent pattern; Henry was an opportunist, making his actions seem fragmentary and inconsistent.
What were the Navigation Acts of 1485-86?
They encouraged the use of English ships to carry goods, particularly requiring that wines from France be imported only in English ships.
What was the purpose of the Act passed in 1489?
It limited the export of English wool and made it illegal for foreigners to buy wool for making into cloth on the continent, supporting the cloth industry in England.
What was the impact of the wool export restrictions by the end of Henry’s reign?
The export of raw wool was 30 percent lower than it had been in 1485.
What was the Intercursus Magnus of 1496?
It was an agreement that allowed English merchants to trade freely with all parts of Burgundy except Flanders.
What was the state of English cloth exports by 1509?
English merchants were shipping more than half the cloth exported to Europe, with a 60 percent increase in cloth exports compared to the beginning of Henry’s reign.
What was Henry’s goal regarding trade in the Mediterranean?
He hoped to develop trade, especially with Florence, while competing against Venice.
What treaty was signed in 1490 regarding English wool?
A treaty allowed English wool to be imported into Pisa, the main port of Florence, and Henry restricted wool sales to the Venetians.
What was the significance of the English navy under Henry?
Henry started to build up an English navy, leaving his son nine ships that were of good quality and better equipped than those of his predecessors.
What did Henry do to support geographical discoveries?
He supported the voyages of John and Sebastian Cabot, with John reaching Newfoundland in 1497.
What was Sebastian Cabot’s expedition in 1509?
He sailed to find a route to China around the north of America, reaching what is now Hudson Bay.
What was the overall success of Henry’s overseas trade policy?
It achieved some success but was limited; customs duties rose, yet England’s merchants traded small amounts compared to the Hanseatic League, Spain, and Venice.
What was the main importance of Henry’s trade policies?
The foundations laid for overseas trade helped Henry to sit on his throne more securely.
