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3S: Biochem-Lab > Exp 6.2: Lipids (Classifications) > Flashcards

Exp 6.2: Lipids (Classifications) Flashcards

1
Q

Type of Lipid:
Group of signal lipids

A

Eicosanoids

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2
Q

Type of Lipid:
Derived from metabolism of arachidonic acid by enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX)

A

Eicosanoids

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3
Q

3 subtypes of eicosanoids

A

Prostaglandins
Thromboxanes
Leukotrienes

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4
Q

Type of Lipid:
Derived mainly from arachidonic acid

A

Eicosanoids

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5
Q

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Have a variety of potent biological activities of hormonal or regulatory nature

A

Prostaglandins

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6
Q

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
parent compound of prostaglandins

A

Prostanoic acid

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7
Q

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Control blood pressure

A

Prostaglandins

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8
Q

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Stimulate muscle contraction

A

Prostaglandins

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9
Q

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Inhibit platelet aggregation

A

Prostaglandins

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10
Q

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Induce inflammation

A

Prostaglandins

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11
Q

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction

A

Thromboxane A2

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12
Q

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Inhibit the synthesis of thromboxane by inhibiting the COX enzyme

A

Aspirin and other NSAIDs (Thromboxanes)

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13
Q

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Synthesized from arachidonic acid

A

Leukotrienes

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14
Q

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Occur mainly in leukocytes

A

Leukotrienes

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15
Q

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Produce muscle contractions
o Lungs
o Cause asthma-like attacks

A

Leukotrienes

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16
Q

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Recently developed anti-asthma drugs
o Inhibit the synthesis of ____________

A

Leukotrienes

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17
Q

Type of Lipid:
Comprise the bulk of storage fat

A

glycerolipids

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18
Q

Type of Lipid:
Mono-, di- and tri- substituted glycerols

A

glycerolipids

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19
Q

1 Subtype of glycerolipids

A

Triacylglycerols

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20
Q

Subtype of Glycerolipids:
Lipids formed by esterification of three fatty acids to glycerol

A

Triacylglycerols

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21
Q

Subtype of Glycerolipids:
Neutral lipid

A

Triacylglycerols

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22
Q

2 subtypes of glycerophospholipids

A

Phosphoacylglycerol
Phosphatidylcholine (lecithin)

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23
Q

Subtype of Glycerophospholipids:
Most abundant lipid in most membranes

A

Phosphoacylglycerol

24
Q

Subtype of Glycerophospholipids:
Polar head and two nonpolar tails

A

Phosphoacylglycerol

25
Q

Subtype of Glycerophospholipids:
Control cell permeability

A

Phosphoacylglycerol

26
Q

Subtype of Glycerophospholipids:
Abundant in brain and nerve tissues

A

Phosphatidylcholine (lecithin)

27
Q

Subtype of Glycerophospholipids:
Found in egg yolk, wheat germ, yeast

A

Phosphatidylcholine (lecithin)

28
Q

Type of Lipid:
Second large class of membrane lipids

A

Sphingolipids

29
Q

Type of Lipid:
Have a polar head and two nonpolar tails

A

Sphingolipids

30
Q

2 subtypes of sphingolipids

A

Sphingomyelin
Glycolipids

31
Q

Subtype of sphingolipids:
Contain phosphocholine or phosphoethanolamine as their polar head

A

Sphingomyelin

32
Q

Subtype of sphingolipids:
Found in the myelin sheath

A

Sphingomyelin

33
Q

Subtype of sphingolipids:
Carbohydrate is bound to an alcohol group of a lipid by a glycosidic linkage

A

Glycolipids

34
Q

Type of Lipid:
Sterol alcohols

A

Sterol lipids

35
Q

Type of Lipid:
Signaling molecules located along the membrane

A

Sterol lipids

36
Q

2 subtypes of sterol lipids

A

Steroids
Cholesterol

37
Q

Subtype of sterol lipids:
Contains aromatic alcohol which are derivatives of steroid nucleus

A

Steroids

38
Q

Subtype of sterol lipids:
nucleus
o 3 cyclohexane rings
o 1 cyclopentane ring

A

Steroids

39
Q

Subtype of sterol lipids:
Precursor for the synthesis of other steroids

A

Cholesterol

40
Q

Subtype of sterol lipids:
Weakly amphipathic

A

Cholesterol

41
Q

Subtype of sterol lipids:
Cholesteryl esters
o Formed by esterified C3-OH
o Bulky and rigid and fits into membrane lipids disrupting membrane regularity

A

Cholesterol

42
Q

Other lipids:
Isoprenoids

A

Prenol lipids

43
Q

Other lipids:
Examples : Terpenes, carotenoids, quinones, hydroquinone

A

Prenol lipids

44
Q

Other lipids:
Polyprenols (dolichol)

A

Prenol lipids

45
Q

Other lipids:
Isoprene derived natural metabolites

A

Terpenes (Prenol lipid)

46
Q

Other lipids:
Insect and plant growth hormones

A

Terpenes (Prenol lipid)

47
Q

Other lipids:
Plant’s pleasant odors

A

Terpenes (Prenol lipid)

48
Q

Other lipids:
Lipid-like sugar carriers

A

Terpenes (Prenol lipid)

49
Q

Other lipids:
Fatty acid with a sugar backbone

A

Saccharolipids

50
Q

Other lipids:
Glucosamine precursor

A

Saccharolipids

51
Q

Other lipids:
Secondary metabolites of living organisms for survival

A

Polyketides

52
Q

Other lipids:
Used as anti-microbial, anti-parasitic and anti-cancer

A

Polyketides

53
Q

Other lipids:
Doxycycline (antibiotic) and aflatoxin (known carcinogen)

A

Polyketides

54
Q

Other lipids:
Esters of fatty acids with long chain alcohols

A

Waxes

55
Q

Other lipids:
Waxes’ solubility in water

A

Completely insoluble in water

56
Q

Other lipids:
Water repellants

A

Waxes

57
Q

Other lipids:
protective coating of leaves composition

A

Waxes

3S: Biochem-Lab (10 decks)

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