Exp 6.2: Lipids (Classifications)

Question 1

Type of Lipid:
Group of signal lipids

Answer 1

Eicosanoids

Question 2

Type of Lipid:
Derived from metabolism of arachidonic acid by enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX)

Answer 2

Eicosanoids

Question 3

3 subtypes of eicosanoids

Answer 3

Prostaglandins
Thromboxanes
Leukotrienes

Question 4

Type of Lipid:
Derived mainly from arachidonic acid

Answer 4

Eicosanoids

Question 5

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Have a variety of potent biological activities of hormonal or regulatory nature

Answer 5

Prostaglandins

Question 6

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
parent compound of prostaglandins

Answer 6

Prostanoic acid

Question 7

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Control blood pressure

Answer 7

Prostaglandins

Question 8

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Stimulate muscle contraction

Answer 8

Prostaglandins

Question 9

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Inhibit platelet aggregation

Answer 9

Prostaglandins

Question 10

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Induce inflammation

Answer 10

Prostaglandins

Question 11

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction

Answer 11

Thromboxane A2

Question 12

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Inhibit the synthesis of thromboxane by inhibiting the COX enzyme

Answer 12

Aspirin and other NSAIDs (Thromboxanes)

Question 13

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Synthesized from arachidonic acid

Answer 13

Leukotrienes

Question 14

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Occur mainly in leukocytes

Answer 14

Leukotrienes

Question 15

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Produce muscle contractions
o Lungs
o Cause asthma-like attacks

Answer 15

Leukotrienes

Question 16

Subtype of Eicosanoids:
Recently developed anti-asthma drugs
o Inhibit the synthesis of ____________

Answer 16

Leukotrienes

Question 17

Type of Lipid:
Comprise the bulk of storage fat

Answer 17

glycerolipids

Question 18

Type of Lipid:
Mono-, di- and tri- substituted glycerols

Answer 18

glycerolipids

Question 19

1 Subtype of glycerolipids

Answer 19

Triacylglycerols

Question 20

Subtype of Glycerolipids:
Lipids formed by esterification of three fatty acids to glycerol

Answer 20

Triacylglycerols

Question 21

Subtype of Glycerolipids:
Neutral lipid

Answer 21

Triacylglycerols

Question 22

2 subtypes of glycerophospholipids

Answer 22

Phosphoacylglycerol
Phosphatidylcholine (lecithin)

Question 23

Subtype of Glycerophospholipids:
Most abundant lipid in most membranes

Answer 23

Phosphoacylglycerol

Question 24

Subtype of Glycerophospholipids:
Polar head and two nonpolar tails

Answer 24

Phosphoacylglycerol

Question 25

Subtype of Glycerophospholipids: Control cell permeability

Answer 25

Phosphoacylglycerol

Question 26

Subtype of Glycerophospholipids: Abundant in brain and nerve tissues

Answer 26

Phosphatidylcholine (lecithin)

Question 27

Subtype of Glycerophospholipids: Found in egg yolk, wheat germ, yeast

Answer 27

Phosphatidylcholine (lecithin)

Question 28

Type of Lipid: Second large class of membrane lipids

Answer 28

Sphingolipids

Question 29

Type of Lipid: Have a polar head and two nonpolar tails

Answer 29

Sphingolipids

Question 30

2 subtypes of sphingolipids

Answer 30

Sphingomyelin Glycolipids

Question 31

Subtype of sphingolipids: Contain phosphocholine or phosphoethanolamine as their polar head

Answer 31

Sphingomyelin

Question 32

Subtype of sphingolipids: Found in the myelin sheath

Answer 32

Sphingomyelin

Question 33

Subtype of sphingolipids: Carbohydrate is bound to an alcohol group of a lipid by a glycosidic linkage

Answer 33

Glycolipids

Question 34

Type of Lipid: Sterol alcohols

Answer 34

Sterol lipids

Question 35

Type of Lipid: Signaling molecules located along the membrane

Answer 35

Sterol lipids

Question 36

2 subtypes of sterol lipids

Answer 36

Steroids Cholesterol

Question 37

Subtype of sterol lipids: Contains aromatic alcohol which are derivatives of steroid nucleus

Answer 37

Steroids

Question 38

Subtype of sterol lipids: nucleus o 3 cyclohexane rings o 1 cyclopentane ring

Answer 38

Steroids

Question 39

Subtype of sterol lipids: Precursor for the synthesis of other steroids

Answer 39

Cholesterol

Question 40

Subtype of sterol lipids: Weakly amphipathic

Answer 40

Cholesterol

Question 41

Subtype of sterol lipids: Cholesteryl esters o Formed by esterified C3-OH o Bulky and rigid and fits into membrane lipids disrupting membrane regularity

Answer 41

Cholesterol

Question 42

Other lipids: Isoprenoids

Answer 42

Prenol lipids

Question 43

Other lipids: Examples : Terpenes, carotenoids, quinones, hydroquinone

Answer 43

Prenol lipids

Question 44

Other lipids: Polyprenols (dolichol)

Answer 44

Prenol lipids

Question 45

Other lipids: Isoprene derived natural metabolites

Answer 45

Terpenes (Prenol lipid)

Question 46

Other lipids: Insect and plant growth hormones

Answer 46

Terpenes (Prenol lipid)

Question 47

Other lipids: Plant’s pleasant odors

Answer 47

Terpenes (Prenol lipid)

Question 48

Other lipids: Lipid-like sugar carriers

Answer 48

Terpenes (Prenol lipid)

Question 49

Other lipids: Fatty acid with a sugar backbone

Answer 49

Saccharolipids

Question 50

Other lipids: Glucosamine precursor

Answer 50

Saccharolipids

Question 51

Other lipids: Secondary metabolites of living organisms for survival

Answer 51

Polyketides

Question 52

Other lipids: Used as anti-microbial, anti-parasitic and anti-cancer

Answer 52

Polyketides

Question 53

Other lipids: Doxycycline (antibiotic) and aflatoxin (known carcinogen)

Answer 53

Polyketides

Question 54

Other lipids: Esters of fatty acids with long chain alcohols

Answer 54

Waxes

Question 55

Other lipids: Waxes' solubility in water

Answer 55

Completely insoluble in water

Question 56

Other lipids: Water repellants

Answer 56

Waxes

Question 57

Other lipids: protective coating of leaves composition

Answer 57

Waxes