Exp 6.1: Lipids (Fats, Classifications, and Fat Soluble Vitamins) Flashcards
saturated fats:
bonds
Contains only single C-C bonds
unsaturated fats:
bonds
Contains one or more double C=C bonds
saturated fats:
general formula
CnH2n+1COOH
unsaturated fats:
general formula
CnH2n–1COOH
CnH2n-3COOH
CnH2n-5COOH
saturated fats:
state of matter
Waxy solids at RT (animal fats)
unsaturated fats:
state of matter
Liquids at RT (vegetable fats)
saturated fats:
melting points
High melting points
unsaturated fats:
melting points
Low melting points
unsaturated fats:
orientation
orientation at the double bonds is cis- (naturally occurring)
inserts a bend in the HC chain (membrane fluidity)
a. saturated fats
b. unsaturated fats
unsaturated fats
Classify:
Triacylglycerols (TAGs)
a. Saponifiable lipids (with fatty acids)
b. Non-saponifiable lipids
Saponifiable lipids (with fatty acids)
Classify:
Sphingolipids
a. Saponifiable lipids (with fatty acids)
b. Non-saponifiable lipids
Saponifiable lipids (with fatty acids)
Classify:
Waxes
a. Saponifiable lipids (with fatty acids)
b. Non-saponifiable lipids
Saponifiable lipids (with fatty acids)
Classify:
Phosphoacylcerols
a. Saponifiable lipids (with fatty acids)
b. Non-saponifiable lipids
Saponifiable lipids (with fatty acids)
Classify:
Glycolipids
a. Saponifiable lipids (with fatty acids)
b. Non-saponifiable lipids
Saponifiable lipids (with fatty acids)
Classify:
Steroids
a. Saponifiable lipids (with fatty acids)
b. Non-saponifiable lipids
Non-saponifiable lipids
Classify:
Terpenes
a. Saponifiable lipids (with fatty acids)
b. Non-saponifiable lipids
Non-saponifiable lipids
Classify:
Prostaglandins
a. Saponifiable lipids (with fatty acids)
b. Non-saponifiable lipids
Non-saponifiable lipids
Classify:
Leukotrienes
a. Saponifiable lipids (with fatty acids)
b. Non-saponifiable lipids
Non-saponifiable lipids
Classify:
Throboxanes
a. Saponifiable lipids (with fatty acids)
b. Non-saponifiable lipids
Non-saponifiable lipids
Classifications of lipids based on structure
simple
complex
derivative
Classifications of lipids based on polarity
polar
non-polar
Classifications of lipids based on physical properties at RT
Liquid (oil)
Solid (fat)
Classify based on components:
saturated / unsaturated lipids
fatty acids
Classify based on components:
contain glycerol backbone
glycerides
Classify based on components:
not derived from glycerol
non-glycerides
Classify based on components:
glycolipids, lipoproteins
complex
Fat-soluble vitamin:
Plays a key role in vision, control of animal growth & stimulation of development of nervous system
Vitamin A
Fat-soluble vitamin:
Consumed in diet or biosynthesized from β-carotene
Vitamin A
Fat-soluble vitamin:
most abundant form of Vitamin D
D3
Fat-soluble vitamin:
Regulation of Ca & P metabolism
Proper deposition of Ca3(PO4)2
Vitamin D
Fat-soluble vitamin:
lack of vitamin D
rickets
Fat-soluble vitamin:
sources of Vitamin D
cod liver oil, dairy products
Fat-soluble vitamin:
Antioxidant (Prevents attack of peroxides on unsaturated fat in membrane lipids)
Vitamin E
Fat-soluble vitamin:
Vitamin E sources
eggs and vegetable oils
Fat-soluble vitamin:
Vitamin E deficiency
muscular dystrophy
creatinuria
anemia
Fat-soluble vitamin:
Vitamin K found in plants
Vitamin K1
Fat-soluble vitamin:
Vitamin K found largely in animals &
bacteria
Vitamin K2
Fat-soluble vitamin:
Important in the lymphatic synthesis of prothrombin & protein factors in blood platelets
Vitamin K
Fat-soluble vitamin:
Vitamin K deficiency
diminished intestinal absorption of lipids
