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Earth & Life > Exogenic Processes > Flashcards

Exogenic Processes Flashcards

1
Q

What are LANDFORMS?

A

geomorphic features on Earth’s surface

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2
Q

What are some large landforms?

A
  • plains
  • plateaus
  • mountains
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3
Q

What are some minor landforms?

A
  • hills

- valleys

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4
Q

What are EXOGENIC PROCESSES?

A

how landforms change on the Earth’s surface

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5
Q

What often assists exogenic processes?

A

geomorphic agents

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6
Q

What are examples of GEOMORPHIC AGENTS?

A
  • flowing water
  • wind
  • moving ice
  • waves
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7
Q

What are the different types of exogenic processes?

A
  • erosion
  • transportation
  • deposition
  • mass-wasting
  • weathering
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8
Q

What is EROSION?

A

gradual destruction of materials and transportation elsewhere

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9
Q

What is TRANSPORTATION?

A

movement from a high-energy location to a low-energy location

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10
Q

What is DEPOSITION?

A

settling of sediments, soil, and rocks on a landmass

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11
Q

What is MASS WASTING?

A

gravity-induced downslope of rock material

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12
Q

What is the sole, principal force of mass-wasting?

A

gravity

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13
Q

What is WEATHERING?

A

the breakdown of rocks on Earth’s surface

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14
Q

What are the types of weathering?

A
  • physical

- chemical

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15
Q

What are the PHYSICAL types of weathering?

A
  • unloading
  • thermal expansion and contraction
  • freeze-thaw weathering
  • salt crystal growth
  • hydration
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16
Q

What are the CHEMICAL types of weathering?

A
  • oxidation
  • solution and carbonation
  • hydrolysis
17
Q

What is UNLOADING?

A

underground rocks expand when they reach the surface, cracking in a sheeting structure

18
Q

What is FREEZE-THAW weathering?

A
  • water in the crack of a rock freezes
  • expands 9%
  • breaks the rock apart
19
Q

What is SALT CRYSTAL GROWTH?

A
  • water with dissolved salt accumulates
  • evaporates
  • salt crystals split rock apart
20
Q

What is HYDRATION?

A

water molecules attach to a mineral’s crystalline structure and make it expand

21
Q

What is freeze-thaw also called?

A

frost/ice wedging

22
Q

What happens when minerals are hydrated and dehydrated?

A
  • expand

- shrink

23
Q

What is OXIDATION?

A

O2 + substance = new product

24
Q

What is SOLUTION AND CARBONATION?

A

CO2 + H2O = decomposition

25
Q

What is HYDROLYSIS?

A

water + rocks = new compound

26
Q

What are fast materials?

A
  • rock
  • snow
  • ice
  • earth
  • debris
  • mud
27
Q

What’s a slow material?

A

soil

28
Q

What is SOIL?

A

thin and consolidated

29
Q

What is EARTH?

A

thicker soil

Earth & Life (8 decks)

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