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Earth & Life > Rocks > Flashcards

Rocks Flashcards

1
Q

What are most rocks made out of?

A

aggregates of various minerals

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2
Q

What are MINERALS?

A

crystalline, inorganic, building blocks of rocks

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3
Q

What are examples of rocks? (1/2)

A
  • granite
  • pegmatite
  • rhyolite
  • obsidian
  • syenite
  • trachyte
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4
Q

What are examples of rocks? (2/2)

A
  • diorite
  • andesite
  • tuff
  • gabbro
  • basalt
  • dunite
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5
Q

What are examples of minerals? (1/2)

A
  1. talc
  2. gypsum
  3. calcite
  4. fluorite
  5. apatite
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6
Q

What are examples of minerals? (2/2)

A
  1. feldspar
  2. quartz
  3. topaz
  4. corundum
  5. diamond
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7
Q

What are the DISTINCT and RECOGNIZABLE CHARACTERISTICS of minerals in rocks?

A
  • hardness
  • color
  • luster
  • tendency to fracture
  • shape of crystal
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8
Q

What is LUSTER?

A

how the surface of a mineral reflects light

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9
Q

What are the different types of rocks?

A
  • igneous
  • sedimentary
  • metamorphic
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10
Q

Where do IGNEOUS rocks come from?

A

molten rock material that underwent crystallization

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11
Q

What are the 2 major categories of igneous rock?

A
  • extrusive

- intrusive

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12
Q

What is EXTRUSIVE rock?

A
  • volcanic rock

- made from lava solidifying above Earth’s surface

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13
Q

What is INTRUSIVE rock?

A
  • plutonic rock

- made from magma freezing beneath Earth’s surface

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14
Q

How are SEDIMENTARY ROCKS formed?

A

formed through transportation, deposition, and solidification of sediments

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15
Q

How are sediments transported?

A
  • water
  • ice
  • wind
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16
Q

What are examples of igneous rocks?

A
  • andesite
  • basalt
  • diorite
  • gabbro
17
Q

What are examples of sedimentary rocks?

A
  • conglometrate
  • sandstone
  • shale
  • limestone
  • gypsum
  • fossilferous marl
18
Q

Where do METAMORPHIC rocks come from?

A

sedimentary/igneous rocks being subjected to immense heat and pressure

19
Q

What is CRYSALLIZATION?

A

cooling and solidification

20
Q

What is DEPOSITION?

A

gathering of substances in one place

21
Q

What’s another way to call the process in which sedimentary rocks are formed?

A

lithification

22
Q

What’s the process in which rocks become metamorphic?

A

metamorphism

23
Q

How do metamorphic rocks become magma?

A

melting

Earth & Life (8 decks)

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