Exercise Prescriptions & Hydrotherapy Flashcards
What percentage of adults are insufficiently active globally, contributing to health issues like heart disease and type 2 diabetes as of 2024?
A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 75%
Correct Answer: B) 25%
Rationale: The text specifies that over 25% of adults are insufficiently active globally, leading to health problems.
Rationale for Wrong Answers:
A) 10%: This underestimates the prevalence of physical inactivity.
C) 50%: This overestimates the actual percentage stated.
D) 75%: This is an exaggerated figure not supported by the text.
Why is exercise counselling important in clinical practice?
A) To replace medication in treating all conditions.
B) To improve patient adherence to medications.
C) To guide patients toward healthier lifestyles and improve outcomes.
D) To ensure patients meet weight loss goals.
Correct Answer: C) To guide patients toward healthier lifestyles and improve outcomes.
Rationale: Exercise counselling helps clinicians support behaviour change, improving patients’ quality of life and health outcomes.
Rationale for Wrong Answers:
A) To replace medications with physical activity: Exercise complements, not replaces, medication in most cases.
B) To achieve weight loss in all patients: While exercise aids weight loss, its benefits extend beyond this.
D) To prioritize physical health over mental health: Exercise benefits both mental and physical health.
What is one outcome of this exercise counselling lesson?
A) Memorizing fitness guidelines
B) Critiquing and applying research to a patient case
C) Teaching patients advanced training methods
D) Prescribing only aerobic exercises
Correct Answer: B) Critiquing and applying research to a patient case
Rationale: One of the learning objectives explicitly includes critiquing and applying research. Other options (e.g., memorizing guidelines, teaching advanced methods) are not mentioned in the context of this lesson.
What is the primary approach to exercise counselling?
A) Focus solely on physical activity guidelines.
B) Take a patient-centered, tailored approach.
C) Recommend the same plan for all patients.
D) Avoid discussing physical activity in routine care.
Correct Answer: B) Take a patient-centered, tailored approach.
Rationale: The text emphasizes tailoring exercise counselling to individual patient needs as part of a patient-centered approach. Options A, C, and D neglect this individualization or discourage routine integration.
Which step in the 5A’s framework involves assessing a patient’s physical activity level?
Correct Answer: B) Assess
Rationale: “Assess” focuses on understanding a patient’s current activity level to inform the exercise plan.
Rationale for Wrong Answers:
A) Ask: While it initiates the conversation, it doesn’t involve evaluating current activity.
C) Advise: This step involves giving recommendations, not assessment.
D) Arrange: This involves follow-up planning, which comes after assessment.
What tool can be used to efficiently assess physical activity levels?
A) Heart Rate Monitor
B) Physical Activity Vital Sign (PAVS)
C) Pedometer
D) Borg Scale
Correct Answer: B) Physical Activity Vital Sign (PAVS)
Rationale: PAVS is explicitly mentioned as a brief, efficient tool for assessing activity levels.
Rationale for Wrong Answers:
A) Heart rate monitor: While helpful for tracking exercise, it doesn’t assess overall activity levels.
C) Readiness ruler: This assesses readiness to change, not activity levels.
D) Resistance bands: These are tools for exercise, not assessment.
Which behaviour change model focuses on perceived severity, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy?
A) Transtheoretical Model
B) Health Belief Model
C) Social Cognitive Theory
D) Stages of Change Model
Correct Answer: B) Health Belief Model
Rationale: The Health Belief Model is described in the text as addressing perceived severity, benefits, and self-efficacy.
Rationale for Wrong Answers:
A) Transtheoretical Model: Focuses on stages of change, not perceived factors.
C) Social Cognitive Theory: Centers on observational learning and self-efficacy, not perceived barriers.
D) Theory of Planned Behaviour: Emphasizes attitudes, norms, and intentions, not perceived severity or benefits.
What does the “T” in the FITT-VP model stand for?
A) Timing
B) Training
C) Type
D) Time
Correct Answer: D) Time
Rationale: “T” refers to the duration of exercise sessions in the FITT framework.
Rationale for Wrong Answers:
A) Timing: This is not a term used in the FITT framework.
B) Training: While relevant, it doesn’t fit the “T” in FITT.
C) Technique: Important in exercise, but not part of the FITT framework.
Which of the following is NOT part of a written exercise prescription?
A) Type of exercise
B) Nutritional supplements
C) Dose of activity
D) Frequency of exercise
Correct Answer: B) Nutritional supplements
Rationale: Exercise prescriptions focus on physical activity, not diet or supplements.
Rationale for Wrong Answers:
A) Type of exercise: A key component of an exercise prescription.
C) Dose of exercise: Refers to intensity and duration, both critical to a prescription.
D) Frequency of activity: Specifies how often the patient should exercise, integral to the plan.
What is the recommended duration increase for exercise in the first 4–6 weeks?
A) 1–2 minutes every week
B) 5–10 minutes every 1–2 weeks
C) 15 minutes every 3 weeks
D) 20 minutes every month
Correct Answer: B) 5–10 minutes every 1–2 weeks
Rationale: The text advises gradual progression with small increases in duration over the initial weeks to prevent injury.
Rationale for Wrong Answers:
A) 20 minutes every week: This is too rapid and risks overexertion.
C) 15 minutes every 3–4 weeks: This is slower than recommended.
D) No increase in duration: Progression is necessary to meet activity goals.
What is the benefit of using the 5A’s framework in exercise counselling?
A) It eliminates the need for motivational interviewing.
B) It provides a structured approach to encourage and support physical activity.
C) It focuses solely on aerobic exercises.
D) It replaces written prescriptions.
Correct Answer: B) It provides a structured approach to encourage and support physical activity.
Rationale: The 5A’s framework offers a systematic way to address physical activity in patient care. The other options either overstate its role (e.g., replacing prescriptions) or misrepresent its purpose.
During the acute phase of an injury (0–72 hours post-injury), what is the most appropriate therapy to apply?
A) Heat
B) Ice
C) Contrast Therapy
D) Massage
Correct Answer: B) Ice
Rationale: Ice reduces inflammation, swelling, and pain during the acute phase.
Rationale for Wrong Answers:
A) Heat: Heat can increase swelling and should be avoided in the acute phase.
C) Contrast Therapy: This is better suited for later stages when circulation enhancement is needed.
D) Massage: Massage is typically contraindicated in the acute phase to avoid aggravating the injury.
In which phase of healing is contrast therapy most appropriate?
A) Acute Phase (0–72 hours)
B) Subacute Phase (4–14 days)
C) Chronic Phase (>14 days)
D) Not recommended in any phase
Correct Answer: B) Subacute Phase (4–14 days)
Rationale: Contrast therapy alternates between vasoconstriction and vasodilation, helping to reduce swelling and improve circulation during the subacute phase.
Rationale for Wrong Answers:
A) Acute Phase: Contrast therapy can exacerbate swelling by introducing heat too early.
C) Chronic Phase: Contrast therapy is less effective when inflammation is no longer present.
D) Not recommended in any phase: Contrast therapy is a valid technique for the subacute phase.
Heat application is most beneficial during which phase of healing?
A) Acute Phase
B) Subacute Phase
C) Chronic Phase
D) Contraindicated in all phases
Correct Answer: C) Chronic Phase
Rationale: Heat is useful in the chronic phase to increase blood flow, relax tight muscles, and improve tissue extensibility.
Rationale for Wrong Answers:
A) Acute Phase: Heat can worsen inflammation and swelling.
B) Subacute Phase: While heat may be introduced cautiously, it’s not the primary modality.
D) Contraindicated in all phases: Heat has therapeutic value in later stages of healing.
. What is the primary purpose of applying heat during the subacute and chronic phases of healing?
A) To constrict blood vessels
B) To increase blood flow and promote tissue relaxation
C) To decrease swelling
D) To prevent further injury
Correct Answer: B) To increase blood flow and promote tissue relaxation
Rationale: Heat improves circulation and helps relax muscles, aiding tissue repair and flexibility.
Rationale for Wrong Answers:
A) To constrict blood vessels: Ice, not heat, causes vasoconstriction.
C) To decrease swelling: Heat is not effective for reducing swelling; it may worsen it in early stages.
D) To prevent further injury: Heat doesn’t directly prevent injury but aids in recovery.
