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Unit 7: Physiology > Exercise Physiology II (19) > Flashcards

Exercise Physiology II (19) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 anaerobic supplies of ATP?

A

1- “stored” ATP

2- Myokinase reaction (ADP + ADP)

3- Creatine phosphate

4- Glycolysis

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2
Q

What are the aerobic supplies of ATP?

A

CHO, Fatty Acid and Amino Acid oxidation

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3
Q

Which is quicker to turn on…aerobic or anaerobic ATP generating pathways?

A

Anaerobic

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4
Q

What is O2 deficit?

A

ATP is provided by anaerobic mechanisms until aerobic mechanisms can turn on

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5
Q

What is O2 debt?

A

Continuing aerobic mechanisms even after ATP demand has stopped in order to replace ATP, Creatine Phosphate and O2 stores

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6
Q

What is the anaerobic threshold?

A

When anaerobic processes supplement ATP production.

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7
Q

Is the anaerobic threshold the same for every individual?

A

No..it varies between people and it can be increased with training

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8
Q

What is the relationship between RER and exercise intensity?

A

RER increases with higher intensity workout

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9
Q

Do you oxidize more FAs or CHOs in higher intesity exercise?

A

More CHO and less FAs

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10
Q

What does RER during exercise depend on?

A

1- Exercise intensity

2- Prior dietary history

3- Exercise duration

4- Fitness level

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11
Q

Does exercise fatigue come quicker on a high fat diet or a high carb diet?

A

High fat diet

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12
Q

What is the cause of increased glucose uptake by skeletal muscle during exercise?

A

Enhanced insulin sensitivity

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13
Q

When is glycogen depletion most severe?

A

When exercise is performed at about 75% VO2 max.

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14
Q

What is the cause of fatigue at most % of VO2 max?

A

Causes aside from glycogen depletion.

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15
Q

Describe the differences in FA mobilization and utilization between trained and untrained muscle?

A

Trained muscle takes up and oxidizes more free fatty acids and mobilizes more free fatty acids

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16
Q

Describe the difference in lactic acid levels in trained vs untrained muscle when exercising?

A

Untrained muscle has increased levels of lactic acid

17
Q

Why are increaed levels of lactic acid bad?

A

Because lactic acid inhibits lipolysis, so free fatty acid release is inhibited resulting in a decrease in free fatty acid mobilization and decrease in free fatty acid uptake.

18
Q

What happens to VO2 max during extended periods of inactivity?

A

Decreases

19
Q

When beginning to exercise after a period of inactivity, who recovers their VO2 max faster…an individual who is trained or untrained?

A

An untrained individual recovers quicker and is also able to exceed their original VO2 max

20
Q

What is VO2 max a product of?

A

Max CO and Max (A-V) O2 difference

21
Q

Why does (A-V) O2 difference increase with increased VO2?

A

Because an increased capillary density which increases surface area and decrease distance of diffusion

Also, aerobic training stimulates mitochondrial synthesis

22
Q

Why does CO increase with increased VO2?

A

CO= HR x SV

SV increases in individuals who train. Heart rate does not reach that much.

23
Q

Why does SV increase with increased VO2 max?

A

Due to a healthy increase in left ventricle volume. Additionally the heart is a muscle and with training it is able to get stronger.

24
Q

Describe the SV and HR of a well trained athlete when compared to a untrained individual when exercising?

A

SV is increased and HR is decreased

25
Q

What is RPP?

A

Rate pressure product

RPP= HR x SBP

26
Q

Describe the RPP of a fit person verses an unfit person for any given work rate?

A

RPP is lower at any given work rate in fit vs unfit

27
Q

What are the consequences of a lower RPP?

A

Heart requires less oxygen

Heart requires decreased blood flow

Heart operates more efficiently

28
Q

What is the Borg scale?

A

A scale designed so that the number of reported (percieved level of exertion) multiplied by 10 wuould approximate the HR at that exercise level

29
Q

What happens to endurance even as VO2 max plateaus?

A

It continues to increase due to muscle adaptations….increased mitochondria that are more efficient and larger

30
Q

What are the qualities of an ideal exercise regimen?

A

Dynamic activity using large muscle groups

3-5 times a week

20-60 min

Intensity of 55%- 75% VO2 max

31
Q

What is the overload principle?

A

Body systems must be exposed to sufficient stress to improve and as training adaptations occur, stress must be increased.

Unit 7: Physiology (19 decks)

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