Exercise Metabolism & Bioenergetics Flashcards
What do carbohydrates get broken down into?
Simple sugar glucose
What is the body’s most preferred source of fuel?
Carbohydrates
What is insulin’s role in carbohydrate metabolism?
Helps simple sugar glucose enter cells from bloodstream to make ATP
What is glycogen?
Stored glucose - in liver and muscles
When is glycogen utilized?
When blood glucose is low
Why are fats important?
Neurological, cellular, and hormonal functioning
What are triglycerides?
Form of fat that is most prevalent in body & food
Which takes longer for body to metabolize, fats or carbohydrates?
Fats, the triglyceride molecule is much more dense
When does fatty tissue get stored in the body?
When there is too much glucose in the bloodstream than the cells can handle
Substrate form of protein?
amino acid
When would protein be the primary source of fuel to create ATP?
During a period of negative energy balance (not enough glucose/glycogen, and carbohydrates can’t be broken down fast enough to keep up with demands)
What is gluconeogenisis?
Amino acids from muscle tissue are broken down into glucose as a survival mechanism
What does ATP-PC stand for?
Adenosine Triphosphate-Phosphocreatine
Quickest pathway to create ATP
ATP-PC
Describe ATP-PC process
From rest to high level of exertion, body uses endogenous phosphocreatine molecules instead of glucose. ATP WITHOUT oxygen (anaerobic pathway)
