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NASM CPT > Cardiorespiratory System > Flashcards

Cardiorespiratory System Flashcards

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NASM ® CPT flashcards
1
Q

Space between lungs that contains internal organs of the chest except lungs

A

mediastinum

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2
Q

3 types of muscle

A

cardiac, skeletal, smooth

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3
Q

What are intercalated discs?

A

hold muscle cells together during contraction, create electrical connection between cells for heart to contract as a whole unit

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4
Q

typical resting HR

A

70-80 BPM

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5
Q

Location of Sinoatrial (SA) Node

A

right atrium

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6
Q

Function of Sinoatrial (SA) Node

A

“pacemaker”, initiates electrical impulses that determine HR

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7
Q

Pathways of signal from Sinoatrial (SA) Node to Atrioventricular (AV) Node

A

internodal pathways

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8
Q

Function of Atrioventricular (AV) Node

A

receives heartbeat impulses from SA Node and directs them to the ventricle walls

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9
Q

Which side of the heart is referred to as the pulmonic side?

A

right - because it receives deoxygenated blood and pumps to lungs

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10
Q

Which side of the heart is referred to as the systemic side?

A

left - because it receives oxygenated blood from body

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11
Q

What is stroke volume?

A

amount of blood pumped out with each contraction

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12
Q

SV = __ - __

A

ventricular end-diastolic volume (EDV) - end-systolic volume (ESV)

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13
Q

What is end-diastolic volume (EDV)?

A

filled volume of the ventricle before contraction

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14
Q

What is end-systolic volume (ESV)?

A

residual volume of blood remaining in ventricle after ejection

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15
Q

Typical EDV?

A

120mL

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16
Q

Typical ESV?

A

50mL

17
Q

Typical stroke volume (SV)?

A

70mL

18
Q

Cardiac Output (Q) =

A

HR x SV

19
Q

What is Cardiac Output (Q)?

A

amount of blood pumped through the heart in 1 min (mL blood/minute)

20
Q

NASM recommended area to check HR

A

radial pulse

21
Q

How to calculate a client’s HR

A

Finger on radial pulse, count beats for 6 seconds, add a 0 to that number

22
Q

Function of RBCs

A

carry oxygen from lungs –> body

23
Q

Function of WBCs

A

fight infection

24
Q

Function of platelets

A

assist in clotting

25
Q

Average adult amount of blood in body

A

4-6 L

26
Q

Blood transports;

A

heat throughout body, oxygen and nutrients, waste products from tissues, hormones to organs and tissues

27
Q

Blood regulates;

A

body temperature and acid balance

28
Q

Blood protects;

A

excessive bleeding by platelets clotting, specialized immune cells to fight disease

29
Q

Blood flow through heart:

A

Superior vena cava –> right atrium –> tricuspid valve –> right ventricle –> pulmonary valve –> right/left pulmonary arteries –> lungs –> pulmonary veins –> left atrium –> mitral valve –> left ventricle –> aortic valve –> aortic arch –> brachiocephalic trunk/left common carotid artery/left subclavian artery

30
Q

Blood pressure (BP) =

A

systolic pressure / diastolic pressure

31
Q

Two groups of respiratory passages

A
  1. conducting airways

2. respiratory airways

32
Q

Function of conducting airway passage

A

contains all structures that air travels through before entering the respiratory airways. Purify, humidify, and warm or cool air to match body temp

33
Q

Function of respiratory airway passage

A

collect the channeled air coming from conducting airways, allow gases to be transferred in/out of bloodstream

34
Q

What is resting oxygen consumption (Vo2) ?

A

use of oxygen by the body at rest

35
Q

Fick Equation formula

A

Cardiac Output (Q) x arterial-venous difference

36
Q

What is the Fick formula?

A

formula for oxygen consumption

37
Q

What is the best way to measure cardiorespiratory fitness?

A

maximal oxygen consumption (Vo2 max) - highest rate of O2 transport and utilization during maximal exercise

38
Q

Respiratory muscles used during times of stress and anxiety

A

secondary - scalenes, pectoralis minor

39
Q

Respiratory muscles used during normal/resting breathing

A

primary - diaphragm, external intercostals

NASM CPT (4 decks)

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