Exercise and Sport Nutrition

Question 0

development of nutrition for health: recent influences

Answer 0

epidemiological studies such as Framingham heart study and NHANES

• formation of the American Dietetic Association (ADA)
• NHANES

Question 1

development of nutrition for health: early influences

Answer 1

experiments led to an understanding of proper iron and protein intake
- development of procedures for measuring energy expenditure

Question 2

NHANES

Answer 2

national health and nutrition examination survey (1971)

Question 3

development of nutrition for sport: early influences

Answer 3

importance of consumption of protein and carbohydrate for improved performance

Question 4

development of nutrition for sport: recent influences

Answer 4

• development of the muscle biopsy procedure

- performance enhancement following consumption of vitamin and mineral supplements

Question 5

measuring nutritional intake: dietary recall

Answer 5

individual reports intake over the previous 24 hours period

Question 6

measuring dietary intake: dietary record

Answer 6

individual records the type and amounts of foods consumed over a time period

Question 7

nutrition for health: national programs

Answer 7

DASH
We CAN!
Fresh start
fruits and veggies more matters

Question 8

current nutritional issues for health

Answer 8

• role of macronutrient content on weight management
• development of education strategies for promoting healthy eating
• role of high glycemic index foods on disease risk
• vitamin and mineral supplements in preventing chronic disease
• herbal substances and health and disease risk

Question 9

nutrition for sport and athletic performance - carbohydrate intake

Answer 9

• blood glucose and muscle glycogen provide energy for exercise
• important during moderate to high intensity exercise
• sufficient carb intake is necessary to
  
  • replenish muscle glycogen levels following training
  • create an anabolic environment that promotes muscle repair and protein synthesis

Question 10

nutrition for sport and athletic performance : protein intake

Answer 10

• consumption of adequate amounts and types of protein is important for ensuring the optimal performance
• probably best to consume protein in several meals during the day
  
  • amino acids are readily available to the body tissues for continued protein synthesis
• process protein supplements are used by athletes as an economical and convient source of dietary protein

Question 11

nutrition for sport and athletic performance - vitamin and mineral intake

Answer 11

• vitamins play an important role in energy production and tissue metabolism
• minerals are important component of metabolic reactions in the body

Question 12

nutrition for sport and athletic performance - hydration status and fluid replacement

Answer 12

• current topic of debate (esp. with endurance athletes)
• traditional view
  
  • dehydration and electrolyte loss lead to decrease performance
• new concern over hyperhydration

Question 13

nutrition for sport and athletic performance - ergogenic aids

Answer 13

• substances that improve performance during training or competition
  
  • biomechanical
  • nutritional
  • pharmacologic
  • physiologic
  • psychological