exercise 6: phylogeny and systematics

Question 1

evolutionary history of a species or group of related species

Answer 1

phylogeny

Question 2

representation of branching evolutionary relationships

Answer 2

phylogenetic tree

Question 3

shows patterns of descent; does not indicate when a species evolved

Answer 3

phylogenetic tree

Question 4

scientific study of the kinds and diversity of organisms; determines evolutionary relationships

Answer 4

systematics

Question 5

what do systematics utilize?

Answer 5

fossil, genetic, molecular data

Question 6

classifying organisms

Answer 6

taxonomy

Question 7

placing individuals into previously established classes

Answer 7

identification

Question 8

what kind of process does identification use in placing individuals into previously established classes?

Answer 8

deductive

Question 9

rank or level in a hierarchic classification

Answer 9

category

Question 10

distinctive group worthy of being assigned to a definitive category

Answer 10

taxon

Question 11

kinds of taxa

Answer 11

higher and lower taxa

Question 12

ordering into a hierarchy of categories

Answer 12

classification

Question 13

orderly array of a series of inclusive levels called categories

Answer 13

hierarchy

Question 14

phenotypically uniform sample at the species level

Answer 14

phenoni

Question 15

distinctive name based on a classification scheme

Answer 15

nomenclature

Question 16

classification attempts to classify organisms based on…?

Answer 16

-cell type
-level of organization
-mode of nutrition
-motility
-mode of reproduction
-embryonic origin
-symmetry
-homology
-analogy

Question 17

what are the types of classification systems?

Answer 17

natural and artificial

Question 18

classification system based on convenient and conspicuous characteristics and do not indicate any phylogenetic relationships

Answer 18

artificial system

Question 19

classification system based on totality of biological characteristics

Answer 19

natural system

Question 20

who devised the kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species system in the 18th century?

Answer 20

carolus linnaeus

Question 21

a device developed by systematics to determine the identity of organisms

Answer 21

key

Question 22

what are the types of keys?

Answer 22

natural and artificial

Question 23

this type of key attempts to express relationships of organisms

Answer 23

natural key

Question 24

type of key that does not attempt to show relationships and serves as a tool for separation of similar, but not identical kinds of organisms (most keys)

Answer 24

artificial key

Question 25

porifera

Answer 25

sponge (scypha sp)

Question 26

cnidaria

Answer 26

jellyfish (aurelia sp.)

Question 27

platyhelminthes

Answer 27

flatworm (schistosoma sp)

Question 28

nematoda

Answer 28

roundworm (ascaris sp.)

Question 29

annelida

Answer 29

earthworm (lumbricus sp.)

Question 30

mollusa

Answer 30

snail (helix sp.)ar

Question 31

arthropoda

Answer 31

cockroach (deriplaneta sp.)

Question 32

echinodermata

Answer 32

starfish

Question 33

chordata

Answer 33

frog (bufo sp.)

Question 34

sword fern

Answer 34

polystichum munitum

Question 35

garden croton

Answer 35

codiaeum variegatum

Question 36

sampaguita

Answer 36

jasminum sambac

Question 37

busy lizzie

Answer 37

impatiens walleriana

Question 38

sheet moss

Answer 38

hypnum curvifolium

Question 39

mindanao monitor lizard

Answer 39

varanus cumingi

Question 40

philippine forest rat

Answer 40

rattus everetti

Question 41

philippine freshwater crocodile

Answer 41

crocodylus mindorensis

Question 42

dune bat

Answer 42

rousettus amplexicaudatus

Question 43

yellow-vented bulbul

Answer 43

pycnonotus goiavier

Question 44

walo walo snake

Answer 44

hydrophis platurus

Question 45

mindanao horned frog

Answer 45

pelobatrachus stejnegeri

Question 46

SEA box turtle

Answer 46

cuora amboinensish

Question 47

philippine bulbul

Answer 47

hypsipetes philippinus

Question 48

what are the three germ layers?

Answer 48

ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

Question 49

what is the type of coelom?

Answer 49

true coelom

Question 50

what is the body plan?

Answer 50

bilateral

Question 51

what is the body segmentation?

Answer 51

metameric