Exercise 14 Cranial Bones

Question 0

How many bones in the Axial Skeleton??

Answer 0

80 and consists of:

1: skull bones
2: auditory ossicles
3: hyoid bone
4: ribs
5: sternum
6: vertebral column.
7: sacrum
8: coccyx

Question 1

Define Axial Skeleton??

Answer 1

Portion of the human skeleton that consists of the bones of the head and trunk.

Question 2

How many bones in the vertebral column??

Answer 2

• 24 vertebrae
• 1 sacrum
• 1 coccyx

Question 3

How many bones in the human skull??

Answer 3

22

Question 4

How are the bones of the skull organized??

Answer 4

• 8 plate-shaped cranial bones

- 14 facial bones.

Question 5

List the Associated Bones of the skull?

Answer 5

• 6 auditory ossicles (middle ear)

- hyoid bone

Question 6

Define Foramina??

Answer 6

Natural openings or perforation through bone, where nerves and blood vessels pass.

Question 7

Define Orbits??

Answer 7

Eye sockets made by facial and cranial bones.

Question 8

List the 8 bones of the Neurocranium??

Answer 8

• frontal bone
• occipital bone (distal/posterior)
• 2 parietal bones (posterior)
• 2 temporal bones
• sphenoid bone
• ethmoid bone

Question 9

Describe the Frontal Bone??

Answer 9

Anterior roof, wall, floor of cranium, and contains the Frontal Squama.

Forms upper portion of orbits.

Question 10

Describe Frontal Squama??

Answer 10

The forehead with the remain of the Metopic Suture.

Question 11

Describe the Occipital Bone??

Answer 11

Saucer-shaped bone forming Posterior floor and wall of cranium.

• Foramen Magnum
• Occipital Condyles
• Hypoglossal Canal
• external occipital protuberance

Question 12

Describe the Foramen Magnum??

Answer 12

Large opening at base of the occipital bone where spinal cord enters.

Question 13

Describe the occipital Condyles??

Answer 13

Two flattened bones of the occipital bone that articulate with the Atlas.

Question 14

Describe Hypoglossal Canal??

Answer 14

A bony canal of the occipital bone that transmits the Hypoglossal nerve used for tongue movement. Located at anterior Foramen magnum.

Question 15

Describe External Occipital Protuberance?

Answer 15

Small bump posterior of Foramen Magnum where muscles and ligaments attach.

Question 16

Describe Parietal Bones??

Answer 16

2 bones that form the posterior crest of the skull and are joined by the Sagittal Suture. Smooth with no major Foramina.

Question 17

Describe the Temporal Bone??

Answer 17

2 bones located at the sides and base of the cranium and housing the inner ear.
Articulates with the Zygomatic Bone.

• zygomatic arch
• zygomatic process
• mandibullar fossa
• external acoustic meatus
• mastoid process
• styloid process
• internal acoustic meatus
• jugular foramen
• carotid canal

Question 18

Describe the Zygomatic Arch??

Answer 18

The arch formed by the temporal process that bridges the zygomatic process of the temporal bone.

Question 19

Describe the Zygomatic Process??

Answer 19

Slender process projecting from squamous portion of temporal bone. Articulates with Zygomatic Bone.

Question 20

Describe Mandibullar Fossa??

Answer 20

A concavity in the temporal bone where the mandible articulates.

Question 21

Describe External Acoustic Meatus??

Answer 21

The canal of the ear made of bone and cartilage. Located inferior of Squamous Part of Temporal Bone.

Question 22

Describe Mastoid Process??

Answer 22

A protrusion of the Temporal Bone posterior to the external acoustic meatus. Serves as point of attachment for muscles.

Question 23

Describe Styloid Process??

Answer 23

A pointy piece of bone akin to a stylus just below the ear on the Temporal Bone. Used for muscle attachment.

Question 24

Describe Internal Acoustic Meatus??

Answer 24

Located in the petrous part of temporal bone. Carries cranial nerves from inside skull to inner and middle ear.

Question 25

Describe Jugular Foramen??

Answer 25

A passage between the temporal and occipital bones containing jugular veins and cranial nerves.

Question 26

Describe the Sphenoid Bone??

Answer 26

Situated at the base of the skull anterior of the temporal bone.
Articulates to form the Orbit. Each cranial bone articulates with it.

Question 27

Describe the Orbital Surface of Sphenoid??

Answer 27

Part of the Greater Wing that contributes to the Orbit.

Question 28

Describe the Sella Turcica (Hypophysial Fossa) of the Sphenoid??

Answer 28

A saddle-shaped depression also known as the Hypophysial Fossa. Houses the Pituitary Gland.

Question 29

Describe the Foramen Ovale and Foramen spinosum of Sphenoid Bone??

Answer 29

Passageways in the greater wing for parts of the trigeminal nerve of the head.

Question 30

Describe Foramen Rotundum of sphenoid bone??

Answer 30

Anterior to Foramen Ovale, passage way for major nerve of the face.

Question 31

Describe Foramen Lacerum of Sphenoid Bone??

Answer 31

Where auditory tube enters the skull.

Question 32

Describe the Superior Orbital Fissure of the Sphenoid Bone??

Answer 32

Cleft where the ocular muscles pass.

Question 33

Describe the Optical Canal of the Sphenoid Bone??

Answer 33

Where the Optic Nerve enters the skull.

Question 34

Describe the Ethmoid Bone??

Answer 34

Rectangular bone anterior to the Sphenoid bone. Separates the nasal cavity from the brain. Located at the roof of the nose between the 2 Orbits.

Question 35

Describe the Crista Galli of the Ethmoid??

Answer 35

Median ridge that projects from the Cribiform Plate. Protects and supports brain.

Question 36

Describe the Cribiform Plate of ethmoid?

Answer 36

Screen like surface punctured by many Foramina.

Question 37

Describe the Olfactory Foramina of Ethmoid Bone??

Answer 37

Passageways for olfactory nerve on Cribiform Plate.