EXCRETORY SYSTEM AND LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

Question 1

FUNCTIONS OF EXCRETORY SYSTEM

Answer 1

• Removal of nitrogenous waste (uric acid).
• Regulation of water and electrolyte balance in the body.
• Acid-base balance to maintain homeostasis.
• Osmoregulation – preventing dehydration by conserving
  water

Question 2

is the main nitrogenous waste product excreted
in birds.

Answer 2

Uric acid

Question 2

No urinary bladder is present. The kidney has a ________ circulation as described previously.

Answer 2

No urinary bladder is present. The kidney has a renal
portal circulation as described previously.

Question 3

Excretory system

Answer 3

Testis
Kidney
Ureter
Vas deferens
Colaca

Question 3

It is voided at the same time as the feces and diuresis may
give so-called _______.

Answer 3

It is voided at the same time as the feces and diuresis may
give so-called wet droppings.

Question 4

Urine of birds is usually ______ colored and viscous but
under certain conditions it may be thin and watery.

Answer 4

Urine of birds is usually cream colored and viscous but
under certain conditions it may be thin and watery.

Question 5

Birds have a special gland called ______ gland located above
the eye with ducts draining to the nose, excretes excess
salt in marine birds and may be important in _____.

Answer 5

Birds have a special gland called salt gland located above
the eye with ducts draining to the nose, excretes excess
salt in marine birds and may be important in electrolyte
homeostasis.

Question 6

The system does not contain lymph
nodes and in general poorly developed when compared
with mammals.

Answer 6

Lymphatic system

Question 7

There are several organs that contain lymphatic tissue.

Answer 7

• The bursa of Fabricius,
• the spleen, and
• the thymus.

Question 8

an organ situated dorsally to the
cloaca which is considered to be the source of B cells
which forms plasma cells and produces antibodies.

Answer 8

BURSA OF FABRICIUS

Question 9

The chicken has no ______ but mural lymphoid
nodules have been found along lymphatics and ectopic
lymphoid foci are found in most tissues.

Answer 9

The chicken has no lymph glands but mural lymphoid
nodules have been found along lymphatics and ectopic
lymphoid foci are found in most tissues.

Question 10

is a small, round, soft organ similar in color to
the liver.

Answer 10

THE SPLEEN

Question 10

The thymus gland consists of about ______ pairs of pale pink,
fattened, irregularly shaped lobes strung out along both sides of
the neck, just superficial to the jugular veins. The thymus ( increases, decreases)
_________ in size as the bird matures.

Answer 10

The thymus gland consists of about five pairs of pale pink,
fattened, irregularly shaped lobes strung out along both sides of
the neck, just superficial to the jugular veins. The thymus
decreases in size as the bird matures.