Excretion

Question 1

Excretion

Answer 1

The removal of the waste products of metabolism

Question 2

Metabolism

Answer 2

Describes all the chemical reactions that take place in living organisms

Question 3

Kidney excretes

Answer 3

Urine (Water,urea&salt) to remove harmful urea and control water content of the body

Question 4

Lungs excretes

Answer 4

Carbon dioxide and water to remove waste products produced by respiring cells

Question 5

Skin excretes

Answer 5

Sweat (Water, salts and small amounts of urea) to cools the body

Question 6

Urine is comprised of

Answer 6

Urea
Salts
Water

Question 7

Renal artery

Answer 7

Lots of oxygen glucose water salts urea

Question 8

Renal vein

Answer 8

Less oxygen & glucose (some is respired)
Less urea (removed in urine)
Right amount of water and salt (excess is removed in the urine)

Question 9

Excretion

Answer 9

The removal of the waste products of metabolism.

Question 10

Urine is the product of

Answer 10

Deamination (The break down of excess amino acids) in the liver.

Question 11

Ureter

Answer 11

Transports urine from the kidney to the bladder

Question 12

Urethra

Answer 12

Transports urine out of the body

Question 13

Urea

Answer 13

Produced from the breakdown (deamination) of excess amino acids in the liver

Question 14

urine

Answer 14

A solution of urea + water + salts, stored in the bladder before being released from the body.

Question 15

Nephron

Answer 15

Functional filtering unit of the kidney, also known as kidney tubules, Each kidney contains about a million of these units.

Question 16

Bowmans capsule

Answer 16

Hollow cup of cells surrounding the glomerulus.

Question 17

Glomerulus

Answer 17

A dense network of capillaries where water, ions, glucose and urea are filtered from the blood into the tubules

Question 18

Glomerular filtrate

Answer 18

The fluid forced out of the glomerulus under high pressure. It contains water, glucose, urea, ions and other small molecules, but not blood cells and lard molecules such as proteins.

Question 19

Proximal convoluted tubule

Answer 19

Site where the majority of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed. All of the glucose is reabsorbed back into the blood here by active transport.

Question 20

Loop of Henle

Answer 20

A U-shaped loop that runs down into the medulla of the kidney. It has a complicated role in concentrating the fluid in the tubule to allow more water to be reabsorbed into the blood.

Question 21

Collecting duct

Answer 21

The tubule that receives urine form numerous nephrons. The permeability of its wall to water is controlled by ADH

Question 22

Ultrafiltration

Answer 22

The process where fluid (called glomerular filtrate) is forced out of the glomerulus under high pressure.

Question 23

(First coiled tubule) Selectively reabsorption

Answer 23

The process where the substances we need, e.g. glucose, are reabsorbed from the tubules back into the blood stream

Question 24

Active transport

Answer 24

The transport of a substance across a biological membrane against a concentration gradient. Energy from respiration is required

Question 25

Osmoregulation

Answer 25

The hormonal control of water levels in the blood

Question 26

ADH

Answer 26

The hormone which increases the permeability of the collecting ducts, allowing more water to be reabsorbed back into the blood

Question 27

Hypothalamus (Temperature control centre)

Answer 27

A region of the brain that contains special receptor cells which are sensitive to the solute concentration of the blood. It has several other roles, e.g. it also contains the thermoregulatory centre which detects blood temperature

Question 28

Pituitary gland

Answer 28

A small gland in the brain that releases several hormones, including ADH

Question 29

Negative feedback

Answer 29

Any mechanism which reverts a change in a system back to its normal value.

Question 30

Blood Plasma contains

Answer 30

Protein and glucose (everything)

Question 31

Glomerular filtrate contains

Answer 31

Glucose but not protein because they are too big to be filtered

Question 32

Urine contains

Answer 32

Nothing! glucose is selectively reabsorption in proximal convoluted tubule by active transport