Excretion

Question 1

What is excretion?

Answer 1

removal from the body
(of) poisons / toxins / harmful substances ;
named example (or) waste products of,
metabolism/respiration/ deamination/ chemical reactions in cells ;
Urea, CO2
substances in excess

Question 2

Role of liver in excretion?

Answer 2

deamination (of amino acids) ;
removal of nitrogen-containing part of amino acids ;
to produce urea ;
breakdown of, hormones / toxins / drugs / excess vitamins ;
breakdown of, worn out red blood cells ;
excretory products put in bile ; e.g. cholesterol

Question 3

Where is blood filtered in the kidney?

Answer 3

cortex

Question 4

Where is conc of urine determined?

Answer 4

medulla

Question 5

Function of Renal capsule in the kidney?

Answer 5

(ultra)filtration ;
high blood pressure assists filtrate to pass through
glomerulus
proteins / blood cells, too big to move out of
glomerulus ;
filtrate / glucose, ions, urea small enough to move through ;
filtrate consists of water and dissolved salts / ions / named
capillaries

Question 6

Function of glomerulus?

Answer 6

(ultra) filtration of blood done

Question 7

Function of Bowman’s Capsule?

Answer 7

collects filtrate

Question 8

Function of collecting duct?

Answer 8

water is absorbed by osmosis to determine the
concentration of urine

Question 9

Function of proximal+ distal convoulted tubules or kidney tubule?

Answer 9

selective reabsorption
reabsorption of most of the solutes such as glucose, amino acids, salts in the filtrate

Question 10

Describe the process of filteration in the kidney?

Answer 10

due to the heart / AW ;
ref to capillaries ; A glomerulus
small molecules forced out (of blood) ;
two examples ;
urea, water, amino acids, glucose / sugar, salts / ions / minerals, uric acid, ammonia,
any named hormone / spent hormone
A any two named, ions / hormones as the two examples

Question 11

Describe the function of a kidney?

Question 12

Substances that are too large to be filtered ?

Question 13

Substances that are too small enough to be filtered but are completely reabsorbed?

Question 14

Substance that increases in concentration as it moves along the kidney tubule?

Question 15

Outline process of urine formation?

Answer 15

Structures through which urine passes through to leave the body?

Question 16

Role of ADH?

Question 17

How does ADH act on the kidney:
if the water content of the
blood is too low?

Question 18

How does ADH act on the kidney:
if the water content of the
blood is too high?

Question 19

Which part of the kidney contains the highest concentration of proteins?

Question 20

Why does Renal Artery have a high blood pressure?