Exclusion & Inclusion in Schools

Question 1

Inclusion

Answer 1

• SYSTEMIC REFORM embodying CHANGES & modifications in (1) CONTENT, (2) TEACHING METHODS, (3) APPROACHES, (4) STRUCTURES, and (5) STRATEGIES in education (CATSS)

Question 2

main goal of inclusion

Answer 2

OVERCOME barriers to provide EQUITABLE & PARTICIPATORY learning experiences & environment that best corresponds to their requirements & preferences

Question 3

Exclusion

Answer 3

directly or indirectly PREVENTED from or DENIED ACCESS to EDUCATION in any form

Question 4

True or False: Difference is NOT a problem; problem lies when we use it to INCLUDE/EXCLUDE, value/de-value, or reward/punish

Answer 4

True

Question 5

1. process of STRENGTHENING the CAPACITY of education system to REACH OUT to ALL learners
2. process of ADDRESSING & RESPONDING to the diverse needs of all learners (AMI)
3. providing EQUITABLE OPPORTUNITIES

Answer 5

Inclusive Education

Question 6

1. Article 26 of the 1948 Declaration of Human Rights
2. Framework for Action – deliver EFA commitments
3. Product of INTERGENERATIONAL EFFORT through INTERGENERATIONAL STRATEGY

Answer 6

Education For ALL

Question 7

1. early childhood care & education
2. universal primary education
3. youth & adult skills
4. adult literacy
5. gender equality
6. quality of education

Answer 7

goals of Education for All

Question 8

ELUSIVE equitable access to quality education

Answer 8

PH Education Crisis

Question 9

Defining Features of Inclusive Education

Answer 9

APS
1. Access
2. Participation
3. Support

Question 10

Access

Answer 10

1. IRR of RA 1053 - Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013
   - inclusiveness of EBE means IMPLEMENTATION of PROGRAMS designed to ADDRESS physical, intellectual, psychological, & cultural needs of learners
2. Universal Access to Quality Tertiary Education Act (2017)
   - FREE TUITION & other SCHOOL FEES in State U’s & Colleges, Tech-Voc institutions, & student loan programs
   - SUBSIDY, STUDENT LOAN programs
   - Unified STUDENT FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE SYSTEM

Question 11

Participation

Answer 11

scaffolding & intervention (means for all students to participate)

Question 12

Support

Answer 12

ALL TEACHERS must have ALL the TOOLS they need to help the children; teachers are SUPPORTED

Question 13

Barriers to Inclusion & Access

Answer 13

1. Attitudinal
   - social exclusion & discrimination
   - peer pressure
   - attitude of regular teachers
2. Schools
   - admission
   - transportation
   - buildings & infrastructure
   - materials & technology
   - classroom size
3. Expensive & transportation costs
4. Limited Access to/no livelihood/educational services
5. No provision of Special Education & Assessment
6. Healthcare services (costly & distant)
7. Full implementation of mandated laws for PWDs.
8. Curriculum
9. Untrained teachers
10. Constraint of Resources