Exchange surfaces Flashcards
Where is the larynx found?
Between the oesophagus and trachea
Where are the intercostal muscles located?
Between rib sections
What lines the capillary?
Squamous epithelial cells
What lines the alveolar air space?
Water in which surfactant is releases into
What is he purpose of the surfactant?
It breaks hydrogen bonds
What are the adaptations of the alveoli?
Large SA, cell membrane of squamous epithelia, low diffusion distance, steep diffusion gradient, elastic fibres and capillaries on wall
What is the function of large SA?
The site of gas exchange
What is the function of cell membrane of squamous epithelial?
It is permeable to gases and moisture on surface of alveoli
What is the function of low diffusion distance?
Squamous epithelia in alveoli and capillary have a distance of 1 micrometer
How do alveoli have a steep diffusion gradient?
Blood flow brings more carbon dioxide from tissues, removes oxygen from alveoli and ventilation replaces air to maintain gradient
What is the purpose of elastic fibres?
They help recoil and force air out
What is the function of capillaries against the wall?
Minimises diffusion distance
