Excercise 11 Objectives

Question 0

Synarthrosis

Answer 0

a non-movable joint between bones; all such joints are composed of dense fibrous connective tissue (collagen), e.g., the sutures of the skull.

Question 1

three categories of Joints

Answer 1

Synarthrosis, Amphiarthroses, diarthrosis

Question 2

Amphiarthrosis

Answer 2

a slightly movable joint between bones; some of such joints are composed of dense fibrous connective tissue (collagen), e.g., the ligaments between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula, while other such joints are connected by the cartilage, such as the hyaline cartialge connecting the ribs to the sternum or the fibrocartilage of the pubic symphysis and intervertebral discs.

Question 3

Diathrosis

Answer 3

a freely movable joint between bones; all such joints are synovial joints in terms of their structure.

Question 4

Three structural categories of joints

Answer 4

Fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial joints

Question 5

Uniaxial

Answer 5

• ginglymus (hinge)

- trochoid (pivot)

Question 6

Biaxial

Answer 6

• Condyloid

- Saddle

Question 7

Triaxial

Answer 7

• ball and socket

- Planar

Question 8

Multiaxial

Answer 8

Occuring around several axes; examples are ball and socket joints

Question 9

define Origin of muscles

Answer 9

is the bone, typically proximal, which has greater mass and is more stable during a contraction than a muscle’s insertion. For example with the latissimus dorsi muscle, the origin site is the torso, and the insertion is the arm.

Question 10

Define insertion of muscles

Answer 10

Skeletal muscles are attached to bones on each end by tendons. The origin is the fixed attachment, while the insertion moves with the contraction. The action, or particular movement of a muscle, can be described relative to the joint or the body part moved.