Exams Flashcards
what exams could you choose for NAFLD? (6)
BP
External eye exam
Dermatologic exam (general skin exam, skin characteristics, skin lesion characteristics, hair and nails)
Liver percussion and palpation
Spleen percussion and palpation
Ascites
What exams would you choose for obesity? (10)
Vitals:
- BP
- Temp
- RR
- HR
Waist circumference
Dermatologic exam
- General Skin Exam
- Skin Characteristics
- Skin Lesion Characteristics
- External Eye Exam
Liver Percussion and Palpation
Heart Auscultation
Tests for Ascites
Peripheral Edema
what exams for diabetes?
Blood Pressure
General Skin Exam
CN II: Ophthalmoscopic/Fundoscopic Exam
Peripheral Pulses
Sensory Examination (Ipswich Touch Test (IpTT), Soft Touch, Vibration, Pain)
what exams for shoulder pain?
Shoulder Examination
Shoulder Inspection
Shoulder Palpation
Shoulder Range of Motion (ROM) tests
External rotation lag
Internal rotation lag
Painful arc test
Drop-arm test
what exams for hypothyroidism?
Blood Pressure
Temperature
Heart Rate (Pulse)
Anthropometric Measurements: Waist and Hip Circumference (and Waist:Hip Ratio)
General Skin Exam
Hair & Nails
Thyroid Exam
Deep Tendon Reflexes (esp. Achilles Reflex)
what exams for non-organic fatigue
Blood Pressure
Temperature
Heart Rate (Pulse)
Respiratory Rate
Oropharyngeal Exam
Detecting lymphadenopathy
Cervical Lymph Nodes
Axillary Lymph Nodes
what exams for insomnia?
Oropharyngeal Exam
Nose and Sinus Examination
Neck Circumference
Lung Auscultation
Heart Auscultation
Abdominal Palpation
what exams for PAD?
Blood Pressure
Dermatologic Exam
- General Skin Exam
- Skin Characteristics
- Hair & Nails
Peripheral Pulses
- Auscultation of Bruit
Carotid Bruit
- Abdominal Bruits
Neurological Testing
- Sensory Examination (Soft touch, Vibration, Pain)
what exams for headache?
Cranial Nerve Exams
CN I - Smell
CN II - Visual Acuity
CN II - Ophthalmoscopic/ Fundoscopic Exam
CN II, III - Pupillary Responses
CN III, IV, VI - Extraocular Movements
CN V - Facial Sensation + Muscle Strength
CN VII - Facial Movements
CN VIII - Otoscopic Exam
CN VIII - Assessment of Hearing
CN IX + X - Swallowing + Voice Assessment
CN XI - SCM + Trapezius Strength
CN XII - Tongue Symmetry
what exams for anemia
Blood Pressure
Respiratory Rate
Heart Rate (Pulse)
Dermatologic Exam: General Skin Exam
Hair & Nails Exam
Nutritional Status Examination (Pallor)
what exams for UTI?
Blood Pressure
Temperature
Heart Rate (Pulse)
Respiratory Rate
Abdominal Palpation
Costovertebral Angle (CVA) Tenderness
what conditions is Blood pressure indicated?
NAFLD
Obesity
Diabetes
Hypothyroidism
Non-organic fatigue
PAD
anemia
UTI
(everything except for shoulder pain, insomnia, and headache)
what is a normal blood pressure? and abnormal?
120/80
hypotension: below 90/60
hypertension: over 130/80
what conditions is temperature indicated? and why
obesity
hypothyroidism
non-organic fatigue
UTI
what is a normal temperature? and fever?
36.0 to 37.5
a fever is 37.8
in what conditions is heart rate and RR indicated?
obesity
non-organic fatigue
anemia
UTI
note: hypothyroidism is only HR
what is the normal/ abnormal heart rate and RR?
bradycardia = under 50 BPM
tachycardia = over 100 BPM
normal = 60-100 BPM
Bradypnea = under 12 cycles per min
tachypnea = over 20 cycles per min
normal is between 12-20
what conditions indicate a general skin exam?
NAFLD
Obesity
Diabetes
hypothyroidism
PAD
Anemia
Normal findings on a general skin exam? (what will you say when examining partner?)
The skin is well perfused and the colour is consistent with patient ethnicity, the texture is smooth and moisturized, temperature is consistent throughout, there are no skin lesions
in what conditions is heart auscultation indicated?
Obesity
insomnia
what is a normal heart auscultation sound like?
s1 and s2 were heard in all 5 locations with bell and diaphragm. No murmurs or extra heart sounds are present.
Timing, intensity, duration, pitch and quality do not indicate pathology.
in what condition is a lung auscultation indicated?
insomnia
in what condition is a hair and nail exam indicated?
hypothyroidism
NAFLD
PAD
anemia
what to comment on for hair and nails?
hair on scalp and other regions of skin
- quantity: thick
- distribution: evenly distributed
- texture: moisturized, strong
nails: Inspect and palpate the fingernails and toenails. Note their colour, shape, and any lesions. Longitudinal bands of pigment may be seen in the nails of healthy, darker-skinned individuals
what conditions is an external eye exam indicated?
NAFLD
Obesity
normal findings in the external eye exam?
ocular symmetry: symmertical position and alignment
eyelid symmetry:
- Width of palpebral fissures
- Notation of any edema, lesions or discolouration of the eyelids
- Condition and direction of the eyelashes
- Adequacy of eyelid closure
Sclera and conjunctiva: healthy sclera is white, conjunctiva is pink.
pupil and iris: size shape and symmetry
- round and symmetric
what condition is peripheral edema indicated?
obesity
what condition is ascites indicated?
NAFLD
obesity
waist circumference (waist to hip ratio)?
obesity
hypothyroidism
men: normal is 102cm
women: normal is 88cm
W to H ratio (W/H)
men: 1
women: 0.85
when is an abdominal palpation indicated?
insomnia (GERD)
UTI (bladder)
when is an oropharyngeal exam indicated?
Non-organic fatigue
insomnia
when is auscultation of bruit indicated?
PAD
when is sensory examination indicated?
diabetes (IPTT, soft touch, vibration, pain)
PAD (soft touch, vibration, pain
when is ophthamoscopic exam (CN2) indicated?
Headache
diabetes
when is otoscopic exam indicated?
headache (CN 8)
when is liver percussion and/or palpation indicated?
NAFLD
obesity
when is spleen indicated
NAFLD
