Examples of what aspects do P3.2 Flashcards
Kiddush
“Blessed are you, Hashem, our God, King of the universe, who creates the fruit of the vine”
- thank God for all His creations (e.g fruit, wine). - Recounts the creation story
- Thanks God for the time to rest
Story of creation
- God created the world ex nihilo (out of nothing), commanding everything into existence.
- God separated land, water and sky and created all creatures in the air, seas and land.
- God created humanity as the pinnacle of creation Betzelem Elokim (in God’s image) to have dominion over the natural world.
- On the seventh day God rested thereby creating the Shabbat (cessation of work).
Sacred story of the Israelites receiving manna
Manna is the daily portion of food provided by God in the desert after their exodus from slavery in Egypt.
- On the sixth day, a double portion was provided to last through the seventh day, on which no manna appeared.
- The Israelites were commanded not to go out at all but to remain at home on the seventh day.
- Seventh day was rest day which they must honour by desisting from their daily food-gathering labour
Shabbat
- “observe” the Shabbat (Deuteronomy 5:15)
- “remember” the Shabbat (Exodus 20:8)
- Shabbat is the day of rest. It is the time every week that an adherent emulates God who ceased from His work of creation and rested on the seventh day.
- Shabbat is observed as a day of rest from a few minutes before sunset on Friday evening until the appearance of three stars in the sky on Saturday night.
- One is commanded to remember Shabbat as a commemoration of creation.
Ba’al tashchit
Do not destroy
Ethical guide against wanton destruction as everything in the world belongs to God as the sole creator of the universe in its entirety. Therefore man must show the utmost respect for all of God’s creations.
“When you lay siege to a city for a long time… do not destroy its trees” Deuteronomy 20:19
If you go to war don’t destroy trees
Trees are innocent more important than people in scenario
In other words, do not act with destructive impulse/intent.
Pikuach nefesh
- dute to save a life. “Do not stand idly by the blood of your neighbour.” (Leviticus 19:16)
- Ethical Principle that stipulates that a person’s life takes precedence over any other commandments as humanity is created in the image of God and has the divine spark within, which means that each person’s life is of infinite value and is directly connected to God.
Rabbis
- Scholars and religious teachers, study and teach Jewish law. Conduct synagogue services on the Shabbat and are the figureheads of religious practices. Leaders and role models
Family structures
- Where beliefs are actualised in everyday life.
- Parents teach children the beliefs.
- Families gather together on the eve of the Sabbath, attend synagogue and celebrate the Shabbat dinner.
- Members of the family have different roles.
- Through the family unit is where most people first encounter Jewish belief, ritual and where much of Jewish life takes place.
- The purpose of family is both to nurture the values of Judaism and above all to transmit the commitment for these to the next generation
Two Candles
- are lit to welcome the Sabbath.
- represent the two mitzvot (commandments) to remember (Exodus 20:8) and observe (Deuteronomy 5:15) the Sabbath day.
- light symbols creation
2 challot
- relate to manna
Synagogue
- House of Prayer. Shabbat prayer services are conducted here
- Friday night the beginning of Shabbat, Saturday morning, afternoon and evening. Services include liturgy that refers to God’s role in creation.
Shabbat table
prepared especially for the festive shabbat meal (often special crockery, silverware, symbols), around which the family will gather to bring in and observe the day of rest
Aron Hakodesh
- Holy Ark - Cupboard that houses the text of the Torah / sacred story of Creation
Tu BiShvat
- annual festival celebrating the natural world. It is referred to as the ‘New Year of the Trees.’
- focuses on ecological awareness. Trees are planted in celebration.
According to the Bible every seventh year is to be a Shmitah Year. like Shabbat, “year of rest” for the Land. No planting or harvesting may be done that year
Oral law
Halacha - codified into a number of texts which consist of Rabbinic commentaries and interpretations. Oral Law are those purported laws, statutes, and legal interpretations that were not recorded in the Five Books of Moses, the Written Torah, but nonetheless are regarded by Orthodox Jews as prescriptive and given at the same time.
10 commandments
Exodus 20:1-14. Two tablets containing 10 laws given at Mount Sinai. They are a source of morality that adherents must follow
Written law
Torah - the Torah is the written law. The central and most important document of Judaism used by Jews through the ages. The text of the Torah consists of stories (creation, history), important teachings, beliefs, codes of ethics which govern every area of life
God’s revelation at Mount Sinai
- following exodus from slavery in Egypt the receiving of the 10 commandment and the Torah (written and oral)
- The story relates in graphic imagery and in great detail that God spoke directly to the people of Israel delivering His laws.
- transcendent moment
- all Jews then and now present. The Babylonian Talmud says that all Jews were present at the Sinai encounter, including even those who had not yet been born
Torah scroll
- parchment containing God’s words. Treated with reverence, the utmost respect. Covered with embroidered cloth and ornaments
Two tablets of Law containing the 10 commandments.
Artistic depiction of the tablets is usually placed above the Aron Hakodesh (cupboard that houses the Torah)
Bima (platform) in a synagogue.
Where the torah is placed while it is read aloud to members
Annual festival of Shavuot
- The festival celebrates the giving of the 10 commandments and the Torah by God to the Jewish people on Mount Sinai.
- Renewed acceptance of God’s gift, and God “re-gives” the Torah. Is a festival that highlights the fundamental truth and importance of moral law of Torah” It is a day of celebration from receiving the Torah, and a time when most young children begin their Torah study.
Annual festival of Simchat Torah
- finishing and restarting reading the Torah. Renewed acceptance of God’s gift, and God “re-gives” the Torah
Hagba
- congregation stands and points to the Torah as it is being upheld, declaring that this is the Torah that God gave Moses and the Jewish people. God’s words can be seen by all
