Examples of Bacteria (Lect) Flashcards
(33 cards)
UTI symptoms
- Dysuria (pain while urinating)
- Increased urination
- Malodorus Urine
- Blood in urine
Nosocomial Pneumonia symptoms
- Purulent Sputum
- Frequent hospital visits
- Shortness of Breath
- Wheezing
Bacterial Meningitis symptoms
- Fever
- NECK STIFFNESS
- Irrational behavior
- Headache
- Vomiting
TB symptoms
- Cough
- Low-grade fever
- Bloody Sputum
- Weight loss
- Slow Onset
Atypical “walking” Pneumonia symptoms
- Dry cough
- Low-grade fever
- fatigue
Gas Gangrene symptoms
- black and dying skin
- open wound
- crepitus
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome symptoms
- sandpaper-like rash
- loss of epidermis
What causes cystitis / how is it transmitted?
- organism that is usually responsible
- who is most susceptible and why?
cystitis = Bladder Inflammation
- Ascension of normal flora into the urethra into the bladder
- E. Coli - 90% gram (-)
- Staphlococcus Saprophyticus gram (+)
- Women are more susceptible because of close proximity of anus to vagina
**This evens out in elderly women and men
What causes Nosocomial pneumonia?
- organisms that are usually responsible
- who is most susceptible and why?
- Patient needing to be placed on a ventilator (aka ventilator acquired pneumonia)
- Gram (-) rods (Ps. aeruginosa, E. Coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Acinetobacter)
- Gram (+) cocci (staph aureus, streptococci)
- People who have been ventilated, have CF, or have spent time in a hospital
What causes Pneumococcal Meningitis?
- organisms that are usually responsible
- Spread of infection to meninges, most commonly via hematogenous spread of nasopharyngeal infection.
- S. pneumoniae (viral can also be cause too)
What causes TB?
- organisms that are usually responsible
- who is most susceptible and why?
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
- AIDS patients and people from other countries
What organisms cause Atypical (walking) pneumonia?
- Transmission?
- Mycoplasma pneumonia (young adults)
- Chlamydia (chlamydophila) pneumoniae ( young and older adults)
- Legionella pneumophila (legionnaire’s disease) (elderly)
Transmitted via respiratory route
What causes gas gangrene / how is it transmitted?
- Organism?
- Injury that introduces spores from the soil
- Oxygen Poor tissues often get gangrenous
- Chlostridium Perfringens
What causes SSSS / how is it transmitted?
- organism?
- who gets it?
Often transmitted in daycare settings
- Staphlococcus Aureus
- Children under the age of 5
T or F: TB transmission and S. Pneumoniae transmission are both spread via the respiratory route
True
What are some downsides to treating with ciprofloxacin (fluroquinolone)?
- Linked to MDR (via efflux pumps)
- Can cause C. Diff.
- Can cause achilles Rupture
What should you consider if a patient presents with a UTI and a fever?
Kidney Infection
What are the features of a sputum samples that tell you its from the lungs and not just spit?
- Neutrophils should be present
2. NO epithelial cells (which indicate it came from the mouth)
T or F: you should always assume nosocomial infections are antibiotic resistant until proven otherwise
True
What is the only gram (+) diplo that we need to know?
Steptococcus Pneumoniae
What is a major risk factor for infection by encapsulated bacteria?
- why?
- Loss of Spleen
- Most likely macrophages in the spleen are responsible for finding these via the complement system
What two drugs should you treat S. Pneumoniae meningitis with until susceptabilities come back?
- Penicillin
- Vancomycin
Which of the 7 diseases we learned cause granuloma formation in the lungs?
TB, this is one of the reasons why you have to treat the infection for so long
Why are gram stain and culture negative on mycobacterium TB?
- Mycolic acid makes up the outer membrane
- Mycolic acid ALSO RESPONSIBLE FOR INABILITY OF DRUG TO PENETRATE
