Example Questions from Lecture Flashcards
Endolymph is found in which of the following structures?
A. Ampullae of the semicircular canals
B. Scala vestibuli
C. Scala tympani
D. Middle ear chamber
A. Ampullae of the semicircular canals
Lecture 17, Slide 17
What of the following structures participates in the formation of endolymph?
A. Tectorial membrane
B. Stria vascularis
C. Subarachnoid space
D. Subdural space
B. Stria vascularis
Lecture 17, Slide 20
Which of the following structures attaches to the membrane over the oval window?
A. Malleus
B. Incus
C. Stapes
D. None of the above
C. Stapes
Leccture 17, Slide 8
The helicotrema connects which of the two compartments listed below?
A. Middle ear chamber and the scala media
B. Scala vestibuli and scala tympani
C. Scala tympani and the cochlear duct
D. Round window and the cochlear duct
B. Scala vestibuli and scala tympani
Lecture 17, Slide 23
Calcium carbonate crystals, known as otoliths, are found associated with which of the following structures?
A. Scala tympnai
B. Cristae ampulares of the semicircular canals
C. Macula of the utricle and saccule
D. Cochlear duct
C. Macula of the utricle and saccule
Lecture 17, Slide 13 & 14
Identify the structure/membrane indicated by the arrow in the photomicrograph.
A. Scala tympani
B. Stria vascularis
C. Tectorial membrane
D. Vestibular membrane
B. Stria vascularis
Lecture 17, Slide 26
Identify the structure/membrane indicated by the arrow in the photomicrograph.
A. Scala tympani
B. Stria vascularis
C. Tectorial membrane
D. Vestibular membrane
D. Vestibular membrane
Lecture 17, Slide 26
Identify the structure/membrane indicated by the arrow in the photomicrograph.
A. Scala tympani
B. Stria vascularis
C. Scala vestibuli
D. Cochlear duct
D. Cochlear duct
Lecture 17, Slide 26
Which of the following characteristics would apply to secondary lymphoid nodules but not primary lymphoid nodules?
A. Afferent lymphatics
B. Afferent venules
C. Germinal center
D. High-endothelial veins (HEV’s)
C. Germinal center
Lecture 18, Slide 8
The human immunodeficiency virus selectively binds to the CD4 antigens. Which of the following types of lymphocytes would be most directly affected by this virus?
A. Cytolytic T cells
B. Helper T cells
C. Natural killer T cells
D. Macrophages
B. Helper T cells
Lecture 18, Slide 18-19
Which of the following compliment factors is the most important opsonin?
A. C2b
B. C3b
C. C4b
D. C5b
B. C3b
Lecture 18, Slide 33
If a child is exposed to measles and comes down with the infection, which of the following terms describes the type of immunity the child will develop?
A. Passive, innate
B. Active, innate
C. Passive, acquired
D. Active, acquired
D. Active, acquired
Lecture 18 - Immune Lymphatic System
Slide 4
Which of the following is the first type of antibody expressed by developing B cells?
A. IgA
B. IgG
C. IgM
D. IgD
E. IgE
C. IgM
Lecture 18 - Immune Lymphatic System
Slide 15
Which of the following cell types releases tumor necrosis factor, which is directly capable of killing tumor cells?
A. CD4+
B. CD8+
C. CD16+
D. Neutrophils
E. CD62+
C. CD16+
Lecture 18 - Immune Lymphatic System
Slide 19
Which of the following structures serves as the entry point by which circulating lymphocytes seed the lymph node?
A. Afferent lymphatics
B. Efferent lymphatics
C. High endothelial venules
D. Subcapsular space
C. High endothelial venules
Lecture 18 - Immune Lymphatic System
Slide 40
Double-negative T cells which lack both CD4 and CD8 receptors proliferate in which of the following areas of the thymus?
A. Subcapsular
B. Outer cortex
C. Inner cortex
D. Medulla
A. Subcapsular
Lecture 18 - Immune Lymphatic System
Slide 54
Hassal’s corpuscles are characteristic only of which of the following areas?
A. Cortex of the lymph nodes
B. Medulla of the lymph nodes
C. Cortex of the thymus
D. Medulla of the thymus
D. Medulla of the thymus
Lecture 18 - Immune Lymphatic System
Slide 58
Cords of Billroth are associated with which of the following?
A. Cortex of lymph nodes
B. Cortex of thymus
C. White pulp of spleen
D. Red pulp of spleen
D. Red pulp of spleen
Lecture 18 - Immune Lymphatic System
Slide 67
Which of the following sequences best describes the flow of red blood cells through the spleen?
A. Trabecular arteries, central arteries, splenic arteries, penicillius, venous sinuses
B. Splenic artery, central arteries, trabecular arteries, venous sinuses, penicillus
C. Trabecular arteries, splenic arteries, central arteries, peniccillus, venous sinuses
D. Splenic artery, trabecular arteries, central arteries, penicillus, venous sinuses
D. Splenic artery, trabecular arteries, central arteries, penicillus, venous sinuses
Lecture 18 - Immune Lymphatic System
Slide 68
In the photomicrograph below, the arrow points to which of the following structures?
A. Central arteriole in splenic white pulp
B. Splenic red pulp
C. Intercalated pancreatic duct
D. High endothelial vein in lymph node
A. Central arteriole in splenic white pulp
Lecture 18 - Immune Lymphatic System
Slide 72
In the photomicrograph below, the arrow points to which of the following structures?
A. Splenic arteriole
B. Splenic red pulp
C. Lymph node trabecula
D. Trabecula of thymus
C. Lymph node trabecula
Lecture 18 - Immune Lymphatic System
Slide 44
In the photomicrograph below, the arrow is pointing to which of the following layers?
A. Stratum basale (germinativum)
B. Stratum spinosum
C. Stratum granulosum
D. Stratum corneum
A. Stratum basale (germinativum)
Identify the structure seen in the photo micrograph below.
A. Meissner’s corpuscle
B. Hassal’s corpuscle
C. Arteriole
D. Pacini corpuscle
D. Pacini corpuscle
In the photomicrograph below, identify the specific brownish type of cell indicated by the arrow.
A. Langerhan’s cell
B. Melanocyte
C. Kupffer cell
D. Podocyte
B. Melanocyte
Identify the following type of tissue.
A. Skeletal muscle
B. Fibrous connective tissue
C. Cardiac muscle
D. Smooth muslce
C. Cardiac muscle
Identify the tissue marked with an star.
A. Tunica intima layer
B. Purkinje cell layer
C. Internal elastic lamina
D. Tunica adventit
B. Purkinje cell layer
Which of the following cell types is associated with merocrine sweat glands secrete water and electrolytes?
A. Apical dark cells
B. Myoepithelial cells
C. Basal cells
D. Glands of Moll
C. Basal cells
Identify the following specific (layer) structure indicated by the arrow.
A. External root sheath
B. Internal root sheath
C. Cuticle
D. Medulla
B. Internal root sheath
Odorant binding proteins are produced by which of the following?
A. Sebaceous glands
B. Sudoriferous glands
C. Glands of Moll
D. Bowman’s glands
E. Glands of Zeiss
D. Bowman’s glands
The specific type of epithelium covering true vocal folds (cords) is represented by which of the following?
A. Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelial tissue
B. Stratified squamous keratinized epithelial tissue
C. Respiratory epithelium
D. Olfactory epithelium
E. Simple low cuboidal epithelium
A. Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelial tissue
The photomicrograph below depicts a section from which of the following organs?
A. Jejunum
B. Olfactory epithelium
C. Lip
D. Trachea
D. Trachea
Identify the structure/layer on the photomicrograph below that is marked with an asterisk.
A. Tunica media
B. External elastic lamina
C. Internal elastic lamina
D. Tunica adventitia
E. Smooth muscle
D. Tunica adventitia
Renin is secreted by which of the following?
A. Liver
B. Macula densa cells
C. Atrial cells of the heart
D. Mesangial cells
E. Juxtaglomerular cells
E. Juxtaglomerular cells
Which of the following is NOT a function of mesangial cells?
A. Phagocytosis
B. Production of angiotensin II
C. Mechanical support
D. Synthesis of matrix and collagen
E. Regulation of blood flow
B. Production of angiotensin II
In the photomicrograph below, what structure is indicated by the arrow?
A. Bronchiole
B. Pulmonary capillary
C. Alveolar duct
D. Alveolus
C. Alveolar duct
Which of the following types of cells are found only in the bronchioles and secrete a surface-active lipoprotein that prevents collapse of terminal bronchioles during exhalation?
A. Type I alveolar cell
B. Type II alveolar cell
C. Clara cell
D. Dust cell
C. Clara cell
Identify the reddish hollow structure in the center of the attached photomicrograph.
A, Vein
B. Trachea
C. Bronchiole
D. Alveolar duct
C. Bronchiole
In the photomicrograph below, identify the group of cells indicated by the arrow.
A. Juxtaglomerular apparatus
B. Collecting duct
C. Ascending loop of Henle
D. Macula densa
D. Macula densa
Which of the following are derived from mesoderm and secrete dentin?
A. Ameloblasts
B. Cementoblasts
C. Odontoblasts
D. Dentinoblasts
C. Odontoblasts
Identify the structure indicated by the arrow in the attached photomicrograph.
A. Germinal center
B. Proximal convoluted tubule
C. Glomerulus
D. GALT
C. Glomerulus
Which of the following lingual papillae are located along the sulcus terminalis of the tongue as projections surrounded by a moat (circular furrow)?
A. Lingual
B. Fungiform
C. Filiform
D. Cicrumvallate
D. Cicrumvallate
Identify the specific type of cell indicated by the arrow in the attached photomicrograph.
A. Podocyte
B. Paneth cell
C. Parietal cell
D. Mesangial cell
A. Podocyte
The photomicrograph below is taken from which of the following organs?
A. Fundic stomach
B. Ureter
C. Renal cortex
D. Tongue
B. Ureter
The myenteric plexus (of Auerbach) regulates the size of the lumen and the rhythmic movement of the GI tract. Which of the following best describes its location within the gut wall?
A. Between the mucosa and the submucosa.
B. Between the submucosa and the circular layer of smooth muscle.
C. Between the circular and longitudinal layers of smooth muscle.
D. Between the circular layer of smooth muslce and the adventia.
C. Between the circular and longitudinal layers of smooth muscle.
Lecture 24, Slide 11
Identify the secretory product of the cell indicated below by the arrow.
A. Pepsin
B. Hydrochloric acid
C. Renin
D. Sodium bicarbonate
B. Hydrochloric acid
Lecture 23, Slide 58
The photomicrograph below is taken from which of the following organs?
A. Jejunum
B. Fundic stomach
C. Renal medulla
D. Duodenum
B. Fundic stomach
Lecture 23, Slide 62
Identify the specific area indicated by the arrow in the attached photomicrograph.
A. Germinal center
B. Proximal convoluted tubule
C. Glomerulus
D. GALT
D. GALT
Lecture 24, Slide 17
Pancreatic acini secrete enzymes and a bicarbonate-rich alkaline fluid. Release of bicarbonate-rich fluid from the acinar ductal cells is stimulated by which of the following?
A. Cholecystokinin
B. Gastrin
C. Secretin
D. Hydrochloric acid
C. Secretin
Lecture 26, Slide 9 & 11
Which of the following cells, located in the basal crypts, contain prominent eosinophilic granules and produce lysozyme to control intestinal flora?
A. Paneth cells
B. Chief cells
C. Parietal cells
D. Enteroendocrine cells
A. Paneth cells
Lecture 24, Slide 19
Which of the following is not part of the portal triad?
A. Hepatic arterial branch
B. Portal venule
C. Hepatic sinusoid
D. Bile duct
C. Hepatic sinusoid
Lecture 26, Slide 25
Which of the following kinds of cells are unique to the pancreas and is associated with the intercalated duct?
A. Alpha cells
B. Paneth cells
C. Centroacinar cells
D. Acinar cells
C. Centroacinar cells
Lecture 26, Slide 9
In the portal lobule organization of the liver parenchyma, which of the following forms the center of the lobule?
A. Bile duct in the portal triad
B. Central venule
C. Space of Disse
D. Hepatic sinusoid
A. Bile duct in the portal triad
Lecture 26, Slide 24-25
Which of the following spaces separates hepatocytes from the endothelial cells in hepatic lobules?
A. Space of Disse
B. Space of Mall
C. Space of Herring
D. Space of Cholangiocele
A. Space of Disse
Lecture 26, Slide 21
Identify the layer indicated by the arrow.
A. Rods and cones
B. Outer nuclear layer
C. Inner nuclear layer
D. Ganglion nuclear layer
D. Ganglion nuclear layer
Lecture 16, Slide 23
Identify the layer indicated by the arrow.
A. Inner plexiform layer
B. Outer nuclear layer
C. Outer plexiform layer
D. Ganglion nuclear layer
B. Outer nuclear layer
Lecture 16, Slide 33
Identify the tissue shown in this slide.
A. Areolar connective tissue
B. Elastic cartilage
C. Nervous tissue
D. Irregular dense connective tissue
A. Areolar connective tissue
Lecture 8, Slide 12
Identify the structure indicate by the arrow.
A. Bowman’s membrane
B. Decemet’s membrane
C. Bruch’s membrane
D. Pigmented layer
B. Decemet’s membrane
Lecture 16, Slide 15
Identify the structure indicated by the arrow.
A. Bowman’s layer
B. Decement’s layer
C. Bruch’s membrane
D. Pigmented layer
A. Bowman’s layer
Lecture 16, Slide 15
Identify the type of gland shown in the photomicrograph below.
A. Submandibular
B. Sebaceous
C. Parotid
D. Bowman’s
B. Sebaceous
Lecture 19, Slide 34
Identify the type of tissue shown in the photomicrograph below.
A. Pancreas
B. Lymph node
C. Spleen
D. Liver
D. Liver
Lecture 26, Slide 44
Identify the structure the arrow is pointing to.
A. Central arteriole in splenic white pulp
B. Splenic red pulp
C. Intercalated pancreatic duct
D. High endothelial vein in lymph node
A. Central arteriole in splenic white pulp
Lecture 18, Slide 72
Idenitify the type of cell shown in this slide.
A. Monocyte
B. Lymphocyte
C. Neutorphil
D. Basophil
B. Lymphocyte
Lecture 12, Slide 27
Identify the tissue shown in this slide.
A. Loose connective tissue
B. Hyaline cartilage
C. Dense bone tissue
D. Adipose tissue
D. Adipose tissue
You shouldn’t need slide
Identify the type of epithelium shown in this slide.
A. Simple cuboidal
B. Stratified cuboidal
C. Simple squamous
D. Stratified squamous
E. Simple columnar
A. Simple cuboidal
Identify the type of epithelium shown in this slide.
A. Simple cuboidal
B. Stratified cuboidal
C. Simple squamous
D. Stratified squamous keratinized
E. Stratified squamous non-keratinized
E. Stratified squamous non-keratinized
Lecture 4, Slide 4
In the photomicrograph below, identify the specific type of cell indicated by the arrow.
A. Chief cell
B. Paneth cell
C. Parietal cell
D. Goblet cell
B. Paneth cell
Lecture 24, Slide 30
Identify the zone indicated by the arrow.
A. Calcification
B. Hypertorphy
C. Reserve
D. Ossification
B. Hypertorphy
Lecture 11, Slide 27
Identify the large cell in the center.
A. Pyramidal cells of the cerebral cortex
B. Purkinje cell of the cerebellar cortex
C. Pseudounipolar cell
D. Neuroglial cell
B. Purkinje cell of the cerebellar cortex
Lecture 15, Slide 30
Identify the larger, reddish cells below.
A. Pyramidal cells of the cerebral cortex
B. Purkinje cells of the cerebral cortex
C. Psuedounipolar cortex
D. Neuroglial cells
A. Pyramidal cells of the cerebral cortex
Lecture 15, Slide 29
Identify the type of cell indicated by the arrow.
A. Lymphocyte
B. Neutrophil
C. Monocyte
D. Basophil
E. Eosinophil
C. Monocyte
Lecture 12, Slide 30
Which of the following types of cells are found only in the bronchioles and secrete a surface-active lipoprotein that prevents collapse of terminal bronchioles during exhalation?
A. Type I alveolar cells
B. Type II alveolar cells
C. Clara cells
D. Dust cells
C. Clara cells
Lecture 21, Slide 37
In the classic hepatic lobule the central venule receives blood from which of the following?
A. From a branch of the hepatic artery
B. From a branch of the portal vein
C. From a branch of the hepatic vein
D. From branches of both the hepatic artery and the portal vein
E. From branches of both the hepatic artery and the hepatic vein
D. From branches of both the hepatic artery and the portal vein
Lecture 26, Slide 40
Identify the type of tissue shown in this slide.
A. Areolar connective tissue
B. Hyaline cartilage
C. Nervous tissue
D. Irregular dense connective tissue
A. Areolar connective tissue
Lecture 8, Slide 13
Identify the following type of tissue.
A. Dense irregular connective tissue
B. Dense regular (white fibrous) connective tissue
C. Cardiac muslce
D. Smooth muslce
B. Dense regular (white fibrous) connective tissue
Lecture 8, Slide 15
Identify the large cell in the center of the photomicrograph.
A. Motor neuron in the anterior horn of spinal column
B. Astrocyte in cerebral cortex
C. Oligodendrocyte in paraverterbal ganglion
D. Pseudounipolar neuron in dorsal root ganglion
D. Pseudounipolar neuron in dorsal root ganglion
Lecture 15, Slide 84
Identify the following type of tissue.
A. Irregular dense connective tissue
B. Developing membrane bone
C. Compact bone
D. Hyaline cartilage
B. Developing membrane bone
Lecture 11, Slide 11
Identify the later indicated by the arrow.
A. Tunica meida
B. External elastic lamina
C. Internal elastic lamina
D. Tunica adventitia
C. Internal elastic lamina
Lecture 20, Slide 18
Identify the following type of tissue.
A. Dense irregular connective tissue
B. Fibrous connective tissue
C. Cardiac muscle
D. Smooth muslce
D. Smooth muslce
Lecture 14, Slide 13
The otolithic membrane of the middle ear is associated with which of the following structures?
A. Macula of saccule
B. Crista of ampullares
C. Semicircular canals
D. Organ of Corti
A. Macula of saccule
Lecture 17, Slide 13
Which of the following best describes the interpapillary pegs assocaited with the integument?
A. They are branching dermal structures organized into double rows.
B. They are related to finger prints.
C. They are downward growths of the epidermis.
D. They are upward projections from each secondary dermal ridge.
C. They are downward growths of the epidermis.
Lecture 19, Slide 6
Fenestrated capillaries would NOT be characterized by which of the following?
A. The endothelium has neumerous openings (fenestrae).
B. The fenestrae may have thin diaphragms.
C. The basal lamina is discontinuous.
D. They are associated with renal glomeruli.
C. The basal lamina is discontinuous.
Lecture 22, Slide 30
