Example 1 to 1 questions Flashcards
Based on the chart below
Q1- Why is there no mAs for the PA chest?
Q2- Which AEC (if any) would you select for the AP lumbar spine?
Q3- What exposure would you give for a Lateral ankle
PA chest
kVp 125
mAs –
Grid Yes
AEC 2 top ones
SID 180cm
AP pelvis
kVp 85
mAs –
Grid Yes
AEC 2 top ones
SID 100cm
AP lumbar spine
kVp 85
mAs –
Grid Yes
AEC ?
SID 100cm
Lat wrist
kVp 63
mAs 2.5
Grid no
AEC no
SID 100cm
Lat ankle
kVp ?
mAs 2.5
Grid no
AEC no
SID 100cm
Q1- Why is there no mAs for the PA chest?
there is no mAs for the PA chest because I’m using an AEC which automatically sets mAs depending on the size of the patient.
Q2- Which AEC (if any) would you select for the AP lumbar spine?
the middle one if correctly centered over the spine, means it will give the right exposure to see the bone clearly.
Q3- What exposure would you give for a Lateral ankle
63 as it is same thickness as a wrist
Based only on the exposure chart below;
Q1- What kVp + mAs would you select for a Lat Ankle for the patient pictured and why? (picture of a baby)
Q2- Would you keep the same settings for a PA chest on the patient pictured?
Q3- What mAs would you set for the LAT Lumbar Spine for an adult?
PA chest
kVp 125
mAs –
Grid Yes
AEC 2 top ones
SID 180cm
AP pelvis
kVp 85
mAs –
Grid Yes
AEC 2 top ones
SID 100cm
Lat lumbar spine
kVp 90
mAs ?
Grid yes
AEC no
SID 100cm
Lat wrist
kVp 63
mAs 2.5
Grid no
AEC no
SID 100cm
Lat ankle
kVp 63
mAs 2.5
Grid no
AEC no
SID 100cm
Q1- What kVp + mAs would you select for a Lat Ankle for the patient pictured and why? (picture of a baby)
60kVp and 1mAs (or 0.5mAs)
(for babies/children should always drop kVp to 60)
Q2- Would you keep the same settings for a PA chest on the patient pictured?
No, I wouldn’t use a grid, 65kV (or 60 for baby) and set mAs …
(could take AEC off, cause the patient could move, and would be hard to center perfectly)
Q3- What mAs would you set for the LAT Lumbar Spine for an adult?
25-30, as its a lateral
Based only on the exposure chart below
Q1- How would you adjust your AP Pelvis technique for patient with bilateral hip replacements?
Q2- What kVp/mAs would you set for a PA Hand?
Q3- You first perform a PA chest correctly using the technique below, but then need to also perform an AP knee weight bearing. How would you change your setup?
PA chest
kVp 125
mAs –
Grid Yes
AEC 2 top ones
SID 180cm
AP pelvis
kVp 85
mAs –
Grid Yes
AEC 2 top ones
SID 100cm
Lat lumbar spine
kVp 90
mAs ?
Grid yes
AEC 2 top ones
SID 100cm
Lat wrist
kVp 63
mAs 2.5
Grid no
AEC no
SID 100cm
Lat ankle
kVp 63
mAs 2.5
Grid no
AEC no
SID 100cm
Q1- How would you adjust your AP Pelvis technique for patient with bilateral hip replacements?
turn it off AEC because of the hip replacement will block the x-ray meaning exposure will go longer.
Q2- What kVp/mAs would you set for a PA Hand?
60kV 2mAs because it is similar to a wrist slightly less thick
Q3- You first perform a PA chest correctly using the technique below, but then need to also perform an AP knee weight bearing. How would you change your setup?
from PA chest to knee
remove grid
turn off AEC
lower the to kV 65
set mAs 3 or 4mAs
reduce the distance
Standard chest is 0.5 mAs
Based only on the exposure chart below;
Q1- Why is the AP Pelvis DRL higher than the AP Lumbar Spine?
Q2- What would you expect the DAP for AP Radius & Ulna to be and why?
Q3- What would you do if your DAP is significantly higher than your DRL?
Examination DRL mGycm2
PA Chest 3
AP Pelvis 15
AP Lumbar Spine 10
PA Wrist 1
AP Radius Ulna ?
Q1- Why is the AP Pelvis DRL higher than the AP Lumbar Spine?
Because the collimation is a wider area for the pelvis (collimated to include the whole pelvis) whereas AP lumbar spine is collimated to include only the spine and sacroiliac joints.
Q2- What would you expect the DAP for AP Radius & Ulna to be and why?
1.5 as it would be similar to a wrist in thickness but just a larger area.
Q3- What would you do if your DAP is significantly higher than your DRL?
so I would check the DI and if it that is okay, or see if there is a reason why, e.g the patient is obese so I had to up mAs so that made my DAP higher
Check all the equipment
QA check the room- Datrix if all else fails
DAP is measured at the tube, dose area product
What is DRL? DRL is diagnostic reference levels expected dose for average patient for that examination, what do you compare against it? DAP, the dose
Based only on the exposure chart below;
Q1- You perform an AP shoulder using the below settings, and your deviation index is +3. Explain why?
Q2- If using the below settings would you expect a positive, negative or neutral deviation index for a LAT Ankle?
Q3- What should you do if you deviation index is -3?
AP shoulder
kVp 75
mAs 20
SID 100cm
AP clavicle
kVp 75
mAs 4
SID 100cm
Lat lumbar spine
kVp 90
mAs 20
SID 100cm
Lat wrist
kVp 63
mAs 2.5
SID 100cm
Lat ankle
kVp 63
mAs 2.5
SID 200cm
Q1- You perform an AP shoulder using the below settings, and your deviation index is +3. Explain why?
+3 means overexposed, based on the exposure chart, the mAs is too high as clavicle is 4 but is shoulder is similar so it shouldnt be 20mAs.
Q2- If using the below settings would you expect a positive, negative or neutral deviation index for a LAT Ankle?
Negative because the SID is too big (200cm),
What happens to dose if you double distance, 4 times less dose
Q3- What should you do if you deviation index is -3?
Underexposed, which means it will be poor image quality so we check the image to see if you can see what the pathology it, maybe get a reporting radiographer to check.
if repeating check AEC, SID, grid, centering, exposure factors.
why would you be less likely to repeat at +3?
its overexposed but you can still see all the details but you might not see the details on underexposed.
With reference to the image to the right; (the image shows a whiteout of the right lung)
Q1- You take this image, and receive a deviation index of +2, why?
Q2- What adjustments would you make for a PA chest X-ray for a patient with a history of right full lobectomy?
Q3- You perform an Abdomen X-ray on a patient with a very large sigmoid volvulus using the AECs. The deviation index is -2. Explain this
With reference to the image to the right; (the image shows a whiteout of the right lung)
Q1- You take this image, and receive a deviation index of +2, why?
Overexposed, PA because no legend, you use AEC for PA chest and grid. so AEC, cuts off the exposure when it reaches proper exposure for that area, so denser area causes longer/higher mAs for the chest than average.
Makes it higher than the other side.
Q2- What adjustments would you make for a PA chest X-ray for a patient with a history of right full lobectomy?
Turn off the chamber for the corresponding lung, in this case is the right chamber for right lung removal.
Q3- You perform an Abdomen X-ray on a patient with a very large sigmoid volvulus using the AECs. The deviation index is -2. Explain this
What is a large sigmoid volvulus? large dilated bowel (twisted bowel) filled with gas. This means the AEC has given exposure for a gas filled abdomen rather than a soft tissue bowel, this means its used less mAs than for a normal abdomen so it has underexposure.
why dont we use a grid for portable x-rays
grid cutoff, you cant get it perpendicular
How do you tell the difference between a lung collapse and a full plural effusion?
A lung collapse is the long collapsing in and of itself, and it drags everything towards it, including the mediastinum, the trachea.
Plural effusion will push the mediastinum away from it.
