Examination signs

Question 1

Gottrons papules

Answer 1

Erythema on interphalangeal joints

Dermatomyositis

Question 2

Sister Mary Josephs nodule

Answer 2

Palpable periumbilical lymph node

Metastatic pelvic/abdominal tumour

Question 3

Hutchinson’s sign

Answer 3

Vesicle on nose tip

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus

Question 4

Kehr’s sign

Answer 4

Left shoulder tip pain

Peritonism

Question 5

Courvoiseirs Law

Answer 5

Painless jaundice and palpable gallbladder

Pancreatic cancer

Question 6

Claybrook sign

Answer 6

Heart and breath sounds heard via abdomen

Perforated abdominal viscus

Question 7

Blumberg sign

Answer 7

Rebound tenderness

Peritonism

Question 8

Tinels test

Answer 8

Tapping the flexor retinaculum causes paraesthesia

Carpal tunnel

Question 9

Finkelsteins test

Answer 9

Thumb in palm and held by the fingers then ulnar deviated, pain over radial styloid

DeQuervian’s tenosynovitis

Question 10

Lachmann’s test

Answer 10

Fancy version of anterior drawer - leg dangling off examination table

ACL injury

Question 11

McMurrays test

Answer 11

Knee bent then extended with foot internally rotated and knee in valgus (repeated externall rotated and in varus), palpate the joint line for a click

Meniscal tears

Question 12

Muller sign

Answer 12

Visible pulsation of the uvula

Aortic regurg

Question 13

DeMussets

Answer 13

Head bobbing with pulse

Aortic regurg

Question 14

Corrigans pulse

Answer 14

Rapid and forceful pulse with abrupt collapse

Aortic regurg

Question 15

Quinke

Answer 15

Nailbeds pulsating

Aortic regurg

Question 16

Hill sign

Answer 16

BP in lower extremity higher than in the upper

Aortic regurg

Question 17

Holmes Adie pupil

Answer 17

Dilated pupil, poorly reactive to light but normal/slow accommodation

Ciliary nerve damage

Question 18

Auer rods

Answer 18

AML

Question 19

Beck’s triad

Answer 19

Hypotension, distended JVP, distant heart sounds

Cardiac tamponade

Question 20

Becker’s sign

Answer 20

Visible pulsation of retinal arteries

Thyrotoxicosis

Question 21

Bouchards nodes

Answer 21

PIPJ bony growths

OA

Question 22

Buergers test

Answer 22

Pallor of leg on elevation

Peripheral arterial disease

Question 23

Carvallos sign

Answer 23

Increase in murmur volume on inspiration

Tricuspid regurg

Question 24

Chvostek’s sign

Answer 24

Tapping over facial nerve causes twitching

Hypocalcaemia

Question 25

Cushings triad

Answer 25

Elevated systolic, bradycardia, irregular respiration

Elevated ICP

Question 26

Forchheimer spots

Answer 26

Red spots on soft palate

Rubella

Question 27

Gower’s sign

Answer 27

Climbing up legs with hands

DMD

Question 28

Heberdens nodes

Answer 28

Disital IPJ bony growth

OA

Question 29

Hoffmans sign

Answer 29

Flicking a finger causes twitching of the others

Cervical myelopathy

Question 30

Hoovers sign

Answer 30

Ask patient to SRL with your hand underneath the other heel, pressure on your hand means that leg is not paralysed

Differentiating between organic and non-organic paresis

Question 31

Kayser-Fleischer

Answer 31

Copper rings in iris

Wilson’s

Question 32

Myerson’s sign

Answer 32

Tapping glabellar causes blinking

Parkinsons

Question 33

Nikolsky

Answer 33

Shearing of epidermis with pressure

Pemphigus

Question 34

Trosseaus sign of latent tetany

Answer 34

Inflate BP cuff and cause carpal spasm

Hypocalcaemia

Question 35

Virchow’s node

Answer 35

Enlarged L subclavian node due to gastric (and other abdominal) malignancy