Examination & Evaluation / Outcome Measures Flashcards
what approach is conducted in pediatric PT
top down
what is the structure of the top down approach
- Family’s Goals / Outcomes
- PT exam/evaluation
- Identification of strengths/obstacles that hinder out comes
- PT strategies to negate obstacles
- PT intervention plan
considerations for initial evaluation
location
time
focus of exam
those involved
what measuring tool to be used?
what is the best location for initial examination
a natural environment
how are pediatric examinations typically completed in healthcare settings?
multiple disciplines or a team of providers will evaluate a patient
settings associated with pediatric examination (typically)
acute care
outpatient
home
school
in pediatric PT, what are participation restrictions typically related to
school
play
what is a discriminative test
one that discriminates behavior in comparison to normal
– is norm referenced
examples of discriminative tests
peabody (PDMS-2)
bayley scale of infant development
BOT-2
Test of Sensory Function in Infants
what is an evaluative test
test that determines small increments in performance either from maturation or intervention
examples of evaluative measures
pediatric index of disability inventory (PEDI)
gross motor function measure (GMFM)
what is a predictive test
one accomplished by a predictive index, classifies individuals based on what is expected to be future status
examples of predictive tests
alberta infant motor scales (AIMS)
movement assessment for infants (MAI)
what age is MMT applicable in pediatrics
3-4 years
– need the ability to follow directions
what is the FLACC scale
- testing?
- ages?
face legs activity cry and consolability scale
up to 7 years (verbal and nonverbal)
wong baker face scale
- measuring?
- ages?
- protocol
pain scale
3-7
0-10, 10 being worst
compare norm and criterion referenced measures related to
- reference group
- interpretation of performance
- objectivity of test
- instruction importance
Norm
- referenced to other children
- compare for age related norms
- low degree of objectivity
- not sensitive to instruction
criterion
- no reference group
- compared toa defined standard that is content specific
- competing against self
- high objectivity
- high sensitivity to instruction
standardized tests
- how they work
- what they are helpful for
evaluation to track a change over time
- set guidelines with directions associated
- will be retested and assessed using same tool
standardized norm reference tests include
Bayley-III
Peabody
M-ABC
BOT-2
criterion referenced standardized tests include
SFA
WeeFIM
what test is both criterion and norm referenced
PEDI
norm, but can be used criterion wise to measure functional status
AIMS
- ages
- time involved
- protocol
- ICF category
0-18 months
20-30 min
standardized observation of 58 items in different positions (prone, supine, sitting, standing)
activity
how is the AIMS scored
each observation is a point
total points plotted
percentile compared to norm sample
info about change over time and maturation
TIMP
- name
- ages
- protocol
- ICF category
test of infant motor performance
32wks post conception to 4 months term
2 sections with observed and elicited movements
activity
Peabody (PDMS-2)
- ages
- purpose / protocol
- point scale
- ICF category
assessment of gross/fine motor
norm referenced/standardized
0,1,2 point scale
activity measure
gross motor scale within peabody
- ages associated
reflexes (birth to 11 months)
stationary (all ages)
locomotion (all ages)
object manipulation (≥ 12mo)
fine motor scale of peabody
- ages associated
grasping (all ages)
visual motor integration (all ages)
how to administer peabody?
take age of child (entry point)
find basal and ceiling level
definition of basal level in peabody
score of 2 on 3 items in a row
definition of ceiling in peabody
child receives a score of 0 on 3 items in a row
advantages of peabody
easy instructions to follow
definitions provided for scores
scores in testing packet
emerging skills are considered
differentiation between gross/fine motor
Bayley-III
- ages
- purpose
- protocol
- scoring
- ICF category
1-42 months
assess skills in 5 developmental domains
norm-referenced/standardized
1 or 0 for items
Activity / participation
5 developmental domains
cognitive
language
motor
social-emotional
adaptive behavior
what is the basal vs ceiling score on Bayley-III
basal = 1 on 3 consecutive items
ceiling = 0 on 5 consecutive items
disadvantages of bayley-III
expensive
time consuming
underestimation of ability in severely disabled pops
BOT-2
- ages
- protocol
- ICF category
4 to 21 years old and 11 months
norm referenced/standardized
body structure / function, participation
composites of the BOT-2
fine motor control
manual coordination
body coordination
strength and agility
GMFM
- ages
- protocol
- ICF
5 months - 16 years
observation, criterion referenced
activity
purpose of GMFM
evaluate change over time in gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy or down syndrome
GMFM 66 vs GMFM 88
66 - CP
88 - DS
dimensions of the GMFM
lying/rolling
sitting
crawling
standing
walking (running/jumping)
what is the GMFCS
a tool used in conjunction with GMFM to classify severity of functional limitations in those with CP
range of GMFCS
1 (least impaired)
to
5 (most impaired)
age bands associated with GMFCS
under 2
2-4
4-6
6-12
12-18
what is the M-ABC
- ages
- purpose/protocol
- ICF category
3 to 16 years
identify mild motor impairments
norm-referenced/standardized
body function/structure. activity, and participation
what does the M-ABC test specifically
manual dexterity
ball skills
static/dynamic balance
PEDI
- ages
- protocol
- scoring
- ICF
6 months to 7.5 years
norm-referenced and criterion
0 (incapable) and 1 (capable)
activity and participation
domains of the PEDI
self-care
mobility
social function
need for modification/assistance
SFA
- ages
- protocol
- implementation
- ICF
kindergarten to 6th grade
criterion referenced/standardized
determine eligibility for services/assistance
activity / participation
parts of the SFA
participation
task supports
activity
pediatric balance scale
- ages
- protocol
- ICF category
5-15 years
criterion referenced / screening
body structure and function / activity
sensory integration tests and ages associated
infant/toddler sensory profiles
- birth to 36 months
sensory profile
- 5 to 10 years
sensory integration/praxis test
- 4 to 8 years and 11 months
