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KN JD NPTE: INTEG > Examination > Flashcards

Examination Flashcards

1
Q

Complete history:

A

Everything we always look at….

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2
Q

Examination of skin:

Components: (4)

A

Observe
Palpate
Photographic assessment
Thermography

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3
Q

Examination of skin:
Pruritis is _______
Common in ______, drug ________, or ___thyroidism

A

Itching

DM, hypersensitivity, hyperthyroidism

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4
Q

Examination of skin: Urticaria:
Smooth, ___, elevated patches of skin… AKA _______
Indicative of _____ response to drugs or infection

A

Red
Hives
Allergic

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5
Q

Examination of skin: Rash:
Local redness and eruption on skin, typically accompanied by _______
Seen in inflammation, skin diseases, chronic __________, _____ disturbances, pyrexia, meds

What are some examples?

A

Itching
Alcoholism, vasomotor

Diaper rash, heat rash, drug rash

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6
Q

Examination of skin:

What is it called when you have excessive dryness with shedding or epithelium?

A

Xeroderma

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7
Q

Examination of skin:

Xeroderma can indicate deficiency of _______ function, and _______

A

Thyroid

Diabetes

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8
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in nails:
Clubbing - indicative of ______ or cardiac/cyanosis, lung CA, or chronic ________, ulcerative colitis, biliary ______, neoplasm, ___ involvement

Can also be present at ______

A

Crohn’s
Hypoxia
Cirrhosis
GI

Birth

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9
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in nails:

What test can you do for clubbing?

A

Schamroth’s window test: loss of diamond shaped space when nails from opposite hands are placed back to back

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10
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in nails:

_____ spots seen with trauma to nails

A

White

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11
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in nails:

Splinter hemorrhages: small areas of bleeding under nails that look like splinters — potential _____ or _____ signs

A

Cardiac or renal

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12
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in nails:

Changes in nails (koilonychia, leukonychia) often indicate ______ issues unless it is congenital

A

SYSTEMIC

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13
Q

Examination of skin: Edema:

Can indicate ______, venous or lymphatic obstruction, inflammation, cardiac, circulatory, or ____ decompensation

A

Anemia

Renal

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14
Q

Examination of skin: Edema:

Determine _______ and postures that aggravate or relieve edema

A

Activities

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15
Q

Examination of skin: Edema:

What 3 measures should you do?

A

Palpate
Volume
Girth

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16
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin pigmentation, tissue mobility, turgor, and texture:
Wrinkling may be due to aging, or prolonged immersion in water, _______

A

Dehydration

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17
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin pigmentation, tissue mobility, turgor, and texture:
Look for ______

A

Blistering

18
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin pigmentation, tissue mobility, turgor, and texture:
Stemmer’s sign: early Dx indication of ______ ______

A

Primary lymphedema

19
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin color:
Cherry red: palmar erythema can indicate ____ or ___ issues

Also ___ _____ _____

A

Liver or renal

Carbon monoxide poisoning

20
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin color:
Cyanosis: slightly blue, gray, slate colored
Indicative of lack of ______ (Hemoglobin). Can indicate ______, advanced lung disease, congenital _____ _____, and _____ obstruction

A

O2
CHF
Heart disease
Venous

21
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin color:

Cyanosis: examine where for peripheral causes? Central causes?

A

Central: lips, oral mucosa, tongue

Peripheral: nails, hands, feet

22
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin color:

Pallor: Can indicate _______, internal ________, lack of exposure to ___

A

Anemia
Hemorrhage
Sun

23
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin color:

temporary pallor seen with ____ insufficiency and _______, chills, shock, vasomotor instability, or nervousness

A

Arterial

Syncope

24
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin color:
Yellow: indicates _____, ____ disease
Look for yellow color in ______ of eyes, ____, and ____

A

Jaundice, liver
Sclera
Lips, skin

25
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin color:
Yellow-orange: occurs with increased ______ intake
Where to look?

A

Carotene

Palms, soles, face

26
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin color:
Liver spots: brownish yellow spots may be due to _____,
_____ and _____ malignancies,
________

A

Aging
Uterine, liver
Pregnancies

27
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin color:

Brown: Increased pigmentation sometimes associated with _____ insufficiency

A

Venous

Hemosiderin deposits

28
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin temp:

Correlate with ______ temp

A

Internal

29
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin temp:

Examine with what body part?

A

Backs of fingers

30
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin temp:

Abn heat can indicate ______, _______-thyroidism, mental excitement, excess ____ intake

A

Fever
Hyperthyroidism
Salt

31
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin temp:
Abn cold: can indicate poor _______ or ______
E.g. vasomotor spasm, venous or arterial thrombosis, ___-thyroidism

A

Circulation or obstruction

HYPOthyroidism

32
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in skin temp:

Examine temp of reddened area: local warm may indicate ____ or _____

A

Inflamm or cellulitis

33
Q

Examination of skin: Hidrosis:
_____ skin (hyperhydrosis) increased perspiration:
Can indicate _____, pneumonic crisis, drugs, hot drinks, exercise

A

Moist

Fever

34
Q

Examination of skin: Hidrosis:
Dry skin (__________) can indicate ________, ichthyosis, or _____thyroidism
Late stages of ____ _____

A

Hypohidrosis
Dehydration
HYPOthyroidism

DM

35
Q

Examination of skin: Hidrosis:

Cold sweats: can indicate great fear, anxiety, depression or disease (____)

A

AIDS

36
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in hair:

What is the term for hair loss?

A

Alopecia

37
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in hair:
HYPOthyroidism: _____ hair
HYPERthyroidism: _____ hair

A

Thin

Silky

38
Q

Examination of skin: Changes in hair:
Hirsutism: ____ pattern of hair growth (facial and body) in ______
May indicate what? (4)

A

Male
Women
PCOS, Cushing’s, tumor, or inherited trait

39
Q

Examination of skin: Presence of lesions, unusual growths:
Flat spot:
Macule: size?
Patch: size?

A

Macule: small, up to 1cm
Patch: 1 cm or greater

40
Q 
Examination of skin: Presence of lesions, unusual growths:
Palpable elevated solid mass:
Papule
Plaque
Nodule
Wheal
A

Papule: small, up to 1cm
Plaque: elevated, 1cm or larger
Nodule: marble like lesion
Wheal: irregular, localized skin edema (hives)

41
Q 
Examination of skin: Presence of lesions, unusual growths:
Elevated lesions with fluid cavities:
Vesicle
Bulla or blister
Pustule
A

Vesicle: up to 1cm, contains serous fluid
Bulla or blister: 1cm or larger, contains serous fluid (2nd deg burn)
Pustule: contains pus, (acne)

KN JD NPTE: INTEG (15 decks)

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