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KN JD NPTE: INTEG > Burns: Patho, Classifcation, Complications > Flashcards

Burns: Patho, Classifcation, Complications Flashcards

1
Q

Can result from: what 5 things?

A 
Heat
Chemicals
Electricity
Sunlight
Radiation
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2
Q

Most common causes are ______ from hot liquids and steam, fire, flammable liquids

A

Scalds

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3
Q

Inhalation injury from breathing ____

A

Smoke

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4
Q

Three zones of burn wounds?

A

Zone of coagulation
Zone of stasis
Zone of hyperemia

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5
Q

Zone of coagulation: cells are ______ injured

What occurs to the cells?

A

Irreversibly

CELL DEATH occurs

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6
Q

Zone of stasis: Cells are ______
May ___ without specialized treatment
Usually within ______ hours

A

Injured
Die
24-48 hours

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7
Q

Zone of hyperemia: ______ cell injury. Cells should _____

A

Minimal

Recover

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8
Q

Rule of 9s for ADULT patient:

head and neck?

A

9%

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9
Q

Rule of 9s for ADULT patient:

Anterior trunk?

A

18%

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10
Q

Rule of 9s for ADULT patient:

Posterior trunk?

A

18%

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11
Q

Rule of 9s for ADULT patient:

Arms?

A

9% each

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12
Q

Rule of 9s for ADULT patient:

legs?

A

18% each

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13
Q

Rule of 9s for ADULT patient:

Perineum?

A

1%

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14
Q

For children, what should you use?

A

Lund-Brower charts

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15
Q

Critical: ___% of body with ____ degree burns
___% or more with ____ degree burns
Complications common (resp involvement, smoke inhalation)

A

10% with third

30% with second

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16
Q

Moderate: Less than ___% with ____ degree burns and ______% with ____ degree burns

A

Less that 10% with third

15-30% with second

17
Q

Minor: Less than ___% with ____ degree burns and ____ % with _____ degree burns

A

Less than 2% with third

15% with second

18
Q

Epidermal burn is a _____ degree burn

A

First

19
Q 
Epidermal/First Deg:
Damage to \_\_\_\_\_\_ only
\_\_\_\_ or \_\_\_\_ appearance; NO blistering (dry surface)
\_\_\_\_\_\_ edema
Tenderness, \_\_\_\_\_ pain
A

EPI
Pink or red
Minimal
Delayed

20
Q

Epidermal/First Deg: Healing/Scarring
_______ healing in _____ days
__ scarring

A

Spontaneous, 3-7

NO

21
Q

Superficial Partial Thickness is a _____ deg burn

A

Second

22
Q

Superficial Partial Thickness/Second Deg:
_____ and upper layers of ____ are damaged
Bright ___ or ___ appearance
Blanching with _____ capillary refill
Blisters, ____ surface, weeping
_____ edema
Painful, sensitive to _____, ______ changes

A 
EPI, DERMATOME
Pink or red
Brisk
Wet
Moderate
Touch, temp
23
Q

Superficial Partial Thickness/Second Deg: healing/scarring
_______ healing, typically in _____ days
_____ to __ scarring; discoloration

A

Spontaneous, 7-21

Minimal to no

24
Q

Deep Partial Thickness is a ____ degree burn?

A

Second

25
Q

Deep Partial Thickness/Second Deg:
Severe damage to ___ and ____ with injury to nerve endings, hair follicles, and sweat glands
Mixed ____ or ____ ____ appearance
Blanching with ____ cap refill
_____ blisters, wet surface
_____ edema
Sensitive to pressure but insensitive to ____ ___ or ____ ____ ____

A 
EPI and DERM
Red or waxy white
Slow
Broken
Marked
Light touch, soft pin prick
26
Q

Deep Partial Thickness/Second Deg: Scarring/healing
Healing is _____ and occurs through ___ ____ and reepithelialization
______ scarring without preventative treatment

A

Slow
Scar formation
Excessive

27
Q

Full thickness burn is a _____ degree burn

A

Third

28
Q

Full thickness/third degree:
Complete destruction of ___, ___, and ___ ___. May extend into ____
_____(ischemic), charred, ___, or ___ appearance
___ blanching, poor ____ circulation
_____-like, dry, leathery surface; ______ area
____ pain; nerve endings are destroyed

A 
EPI, DERM, SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. Muscle
White, tan, black
No, distal
Parchment, depressed
Little
29
Q

Full thickness/third degree: Scarring/healing:
Removal of _____ and skin _______ are necessary due to destruction or DERM and EPI tissue
Risk of _____ is increased
Hypertrophic scarring and ____ _____ are likely to develop without preventative measures

A

Eschar, grafting
Infection
Wound contracture

30
Q

Subdermal burn is a _____ degree burn

A

Fourth

31
Q

Subdermal/fourth deg:
complete destruction of ____, ____, and involves_____, and _____
_____ appearance
Destruction of _____ system, may lead to additional necrosis
From ______ burns; prolonged contact with ______
Additional complications associated with elec burns: _____, ____ ____ ____, ___ ___ ___

A 
EPI, DERM, subcutaneous tissue, muscle
Charred
Vascular
Electrical, flame
VFIB, acute kidney damage, SC damage
32
Q

Subdermal/fourth deg: Scarring/healing:
Heals with ___ ___ and ____
Requires ____ surgery; _____ may be necessary

A

Skin grafting, scaring

Extensive, amputation

33
Q

Complication of Burn Injury:
Loss of skins protective barrier leads to _________
Can progress to ____, _____, _____

A

Infection

Sepsis, gangrene, death

34
Q

Complication of Burn Injury: Pulmonary complications:
Smoke inhalation injury from inhal of hot gases, smoke poisoning; results in _____ _____ and _____ _____
Suspect with burns of the _____, _____ nose hairs

A

Pulmonary edema and a/w obstruction
Face, singed

Pulmonary edema has decreased breath sounds and increased fremitus. Accumulation of fluid in the alveolar spaces

35
Q

Complication of Burn Injury: Pulmonary complications:
_____ lung disease from burns of trunk
And ________

A

RESTRICTIVE

Pneumonia

36
Q

Complication of Burn Injury: Metabolic complications:

Increased metabolic and catabolic activity results in ______ loss, negative _____ balance, and decreased ______

A

Weight
Nitrogen
Energy

37
Q

Complication of Burn Injury: Metabolic Complications:

Hypermetabolic state may persist for ____ or ____ after a major burn

A

Months/years

38
Q

Complication of Burn Injury: Cardiac and Circulatory Complications:
Fluid and blood loss can result in _____ or _____
With severe burns, can see ______ and _______

A

Shock, death
Hypothermia, hypovolemia

Hypothermia — ST segment elevation, decreased HR

39
Q

Complication of Burn Injury: ____ and _____ scars

A

Keloid

Hypertrophic

KN JD NPTE: INTEG (15 decks)

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