Exam4-Chp 26

Question 1

Which is not a major function of the kidney?

a) regulation of blood ionic composition
b) regulation of blood cell size
c) regulation of blood volume
d) regulation of blood pressure
e) regulation of blood pH

Answer 1

B

Question 2

This is the formation of a new glucose molecule.

a) glycolysis
b) gluconeogenesis
c) glucosamine
d) glucose
e) calcitriol

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following is a waste product normally excreted by the kidneys?

a) urea
b) glucose
c) insulin
d) cholesterol
e) carbon dioxide

Answer 3

a

Question 4

This is smooth dense irregular connective tissue that is continuous with the outer coat of the ureter.

a) adipose capsule
b) renal capsule
c) renal hilus
d) renal cortex
e) renal medulla

Answer 4

b

Question 5

The portion of the kidney that extends between the renal pyramids is called the

a) renal columns
b) renal medulla
c) renal pelvis
d) calyces
e) renal papilla

Answer 5

a

Question 6

Which is the correct order of blood flow through the kidneys?

a) renal artery > segmental artery > interlobular artery > peritubular capillaries > afferent arterioles
b) interlobar arteries > arcuate arteries > glomerular capillaries > arcuate veins
c) arcuate veins > arcuate arteries > glomerular capillaries > renal vein
d) renal vein > segmental arteries > interlobar arteries > efferent arterioles
e) interlobar veins > afferent arterioles > efferent arterioles > glomerular capillaries

Answer 6

B

Question 7

Which is the correct order of filtrate flow?

a) glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule (DCT), collecting duct
b) nephron loop, glomerular capsule, PCT, DCT, collecting duct
c) ascending limb of loop, PCT, DCT, collecting duct
d) collecting duct, DCT, PCT, collecting duct, glomerular capsule
e) PCT, glomerular capsule, DCT, collecting duct, nephron loop

Answer 7

a

Question 8

) Which structure of the nephron reabsorbs the most substances?

a) glomerular capsule
b) nephron loop
c) ascending limb
d) collecting duct
e) proximal convoluted tubule

Answer 8

e

Question 9

This is the structure of the nephron that filters blood.

a) glomerulus
b) nephron loop
c) ascending limb
d) collecting duct
e) renal tubule

Answer 9

a

Question 10

This term means the return of substances into the blood stream from the filtrate.

a) reabsorption
b) filtration
c) secretion
d) excretion
e) none of these choices

Answer 10

a

Question 11

This is a nephron process that results in a substance in blood entering the already formed filtrate.

a) reabsorption
b) filtration
c) secretion
d) excretion
e) none of these choices

Answer 11

c

Question 12

Glomerular capillaries and podocytes together form the

a) glomerular endothelial cells
b) filtration membrane
c) pedicels
d) filtration slits
e) slit membrane

Answer 12

b

Question 13

This occurs when stretching triggers contraction of smooth muscle walls in afferent arterioles.

a) glomerular filtration rate
b) tubulomerular feedback
c) myogenic mechanism
d) renal autoregulation
e) capsular hydrostatic pressure

Answer 13

c

Question 14

This occurs when a substance passes from the fluid in the tubular lumen through the apical membrane, across the cytosol, and then into the interstitial fluid.

a) paracellular reabsorption
b) transcellular reabsorption
c) apical reabsorption
d) basolateral reabsorption
e) active transport

Answer 14

B

Question 15

The proximal convoluted tubules reabsorb what percentage of filtered water?

a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 65%
d) 80%
e) 99%

Answer 15

c

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a way angiotensin II affects the kidneys?

a) It increases GFR
b) It can decrease GFR
c) It enhances reabsorption of certain ions
d) It stimulates the release of aldosterone
e) None of these choices

Answer 16

a

Question 17

Urea recycling can cause a buildup of urea in the

a) renal capsule
b) nephron loop
c) ascending tubule
d) renal medulla
e) renal pelvis

Answer 17

D

Question 18

) Increased secretion of hydrogen ions would result in a(n) ______________ of blood ____________?

a) increase, pressure
b) decrease, volume
c) increase, sodium levels
d) decrease, pH
e) increase, urea

Answer 18

D

Question 19

Increased secretion of aldosterone would result in a(n) [dropdown 1] of blood [dropdown 2]?

Dropdown 1 choices:
decrease
increase

Dropdown 2 choices:
calcium levels
pH
potassium
sodium
volume

Answer 19

Answer 1: increase

Answer 2: sodium

Question 20

An analysis of the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine is called

a) urinalysis
b) filtration study
c) concentration study
d) diuretic
e) osmolarity

Answer 20

a

Question 21

Water accounts for what percentage of the total volume of urine?

a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 75%
d) 80%
e) 95%

Answer 21

e

Question 22

This is a test to measure kidney function.

a) Plasma creatinine
b) Renal study
c) Kidney assay
d) Dialysis
e) Hilus study

Answer 22

a

Question 23

This transports urine from the kidney to the bladder.

a) Urethra
b) Ureter
c) Descending nephron loop
d) Renal hilus
e) None of these choices

Answer 23

b

Question 24

This layer of the ureter is composed of connective tissue, collagen and elastic fibers.

a) Mucosa
b) Transitional epithelium
c) Lamina propria
d) Adventitia
e) Lamina elastica

Answer 24

c

Question 25

This lies in the anterior corner of the trigone of the bladder.

a) Urethral sphincter
b) Adventitia bundle
c) Ureter
d) Internal urethral orifice
e) Muscularis bundle

Answer 25

d