exam3

Question 1

Ethics

Answer 1

a set of moral principles that guide the conduct of an individual/group in their personal and group endeavors. Helps determine right from wrong.

Question 2

Where do ethics come from…

Answer 2

Morals, values, culture, religion
Begins in childhood in our family, socialization, culture and religious beliefs
Social norms, authority figures in our lives

Question 3

Ethical Dilemma or Conflict

Answer 3

When a choice must be made between two equally compelling or appealing actions
There is no clear cut solution to the issue

Question 4

Ethical dilemmas generally fall into 3 perspectives:

Answer 4

Personal- being pressured by your department head to treat the pts in order to make sure you have met the billing quota for the month
Organizational-above mentioned example
Societal- isolation of pts with TB or polio from their communities and families

Question 5

HC professionals must balance ____, ____, and ____morality.

Answer 5

personal
societal
organizational

Question 6

Personal morality

Answer 6

values, beliefs, rules, duties you see as being relevant

Ex-your religion does not embrace the concept of abortion or assisted suicide

Question 7

Societal morality

Answer 7

often a reflection of the culture or society from which someone is coming from
Ex-physician assisted suicide is a major issue in this country but not in all other countries

Question 8

Organizational (Institutional) morality

Answer 8

The moral values of a group or subgroup (an organization, religious group, club, etc.).
A subgroup you will now be a part of is a health care professional subgroup (e.g. occupational therapy assistant). The institution is AOTA

Question 9

OT Code of Ethics

Answer 9

1)AOTA Code of Ethic 2015
2)Maryland State Board of Occupational Therapy Practice Code of Ethic.
As a professional you are expected to uphold these Codes of Ethics

Question 10

Purpose of the OT Code of Ethics

Answer 10

Provides core values to guide OTP
Provides enforceable “principles and Standards of Conduct”
States to the public behaviors to expect from OTP

Question 11

The profession is grounded in 7 core values:

Answer 11

Altruism- concern for others
Equality
Freedom
Justice- recognizing diverse communities
Dignity
Truth
Prudence- no snap decisions with ethical dilemma

Question 12

Beneficence

Answer 12

Acts of mercy/kindness
Preventing harm
Protecting and defending

Question 13

Nonmaleficence

Answer 13

Take reasonable precautions to avoid imposing harm upon pt
Use procedures considered part of standards of practice
Goals justify risks
Maintain a professional relationship
Avoid being “under the influence”

Question 14

Autonomy

Answer 14

Establish a collaborative relationship 
Obtain consent 
Respect client’s right to refuse
Ensure confidentiality
Treat client according to his/her desires

Question 15

Justice

Answer 15

Fair, equitable, appropriate treatment
Interact in a respectful and impartial manner
Respect and maintain awareness of laws and policies regarding practice
Address barriers to access of services
Refrain from actions such as sharing of educational info (test questions)

Question 16

Veracity

Answer 16

Respect towards others
Represent yourself accurately
Disclose any info that may pose a conflict of interest in your employment or treating of pts
Refrain from fraudulent, deceptive statements
Report accurately and in a timely manner all info related to OT services
Ensure “marketing” of OT services is truthful

Question 17

Fidelity

Answer 17

Accurately reflect work done by others (citations)
Report violations of the standards of practice and/or code of ethics
Respect private info about colleagues
Avoid conflict of interest between job and other roles
Use conflict resolution to resolve issues between staff

Question 18

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

Answer 18

On March 23, 2010 President Obama signed into law

Now referred to as the Affordable Care Act (ACA)

Question 19

What the Affordable Care Act has done…

Answer 19

Cannot deny children with pre-existing conditions
Ins co face strong restrictions if coverage is denied after a person files a claim
No lifetime limits on benefits
Coverage for children up to 26 y.
Free preventative services
Close the “donut hole” over the next 10yrs

Question 20

The “Donut Hole”

Answer 20

The coverage gap when both the patient and Medicare have paid a certain amount.

Question 21

Transparency (2011)

Answer 21

Coverage of immunizations and preventive care with no cost sharing
Insurance cannot place life time cap on coverage (e.g. up to 1mm). Can still limit number of treatment sessions and type of treatment
Medicare patients get 50% discount on medications
Free preventative services to seniors

Question 22

Flexible Spending Account

Answer 22

Contributions to FSA is limited to $2550

ACA Grace period/ or carrying into the next year (limit of $500)

Question 23

2014 Insurance Compliance

Answer 23

Guaranteed coverage for an adult with or w/o a pre-existing condition
Everyone must carry HC ins or pay a penalty
Companies with 50+ workers must offer HC coverage or face a fine of $2000 per employee

Question 24

What the state exchanges must provide (core benefits):

Answer 24

Doctor and ER visits, hospitalization, maternity and pediatric care,
Prescriptions and medical tests
Mental health care and substance abuse treatment.
Preventive care

Question 25

Principles in Ethics

Answer 25

Beneficence
Nonmaleficence
Autonomy
Justice
Veracity
Fidelity