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OTA 201 > Exam2 > Flashcards

Exam2 Flashcards

1
Q

Electronic Medical Record

A

Digital version of a paper chart
Medial history
Clinical data
Authorized individuals have access to info
Not portable outside specific practice /institution

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2
Q

Electronic Health Record

A

Info can be shared with providers outside of the organization
Can move with the patient to other healthcare provides

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3
Q

The Code of Ethics and Ethics Standards (AOTA,2010a) Standard 3

A

protects information about a client from being shared with anyone outside the treatment team

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4
Q

HIPAA

A

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

Provides Federal protection of health information

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5
Q

Components of Documentation

A 
Client Information
Occupational Profile 
Assessments used and results 
Treatment plans with goals/objectives
Progress notes
Discharge Planning 
Transition plan to other service settings 
Outcomes or Discontinuation/d/c summaries
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6
Q

Medicare

A

largest funding source for OT services
The Center for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS) oversees Medicare and interprets the laws set forth by Congress.
uses a coding system - Current Procedural Terminology CPT Codes for billing.

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7
Q

Medicare Evaluation

A

Minimum Data Set – in SNF person has to be evaluated within 14 days of admission.
Based on the evaluation results – the level of rehab is determined.
Rehabilitation Utilization Groups (RUGs) identify the level of services needed by the client/patient.

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8
Q

Developing a Treatment Plan

A

Develop a Problem List and behavioral indicators
Prioritize the list with patient’s assets
Develop goals and objectives
Design specific activities for the client/patient
Outcomes/D/c planning.
Done in conjunction with the OT

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9
Q

S of SOAP

A

Subjective Section of the Note

Anything the patient/client expresses that is relevant to the patient’s case or present condition

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10
Q

O of SOAP

A

Measurable and observable
Therapist’s results of measurements
What occurred during the therapy session w/pt.
Important for legal and reimbursement reasons
Headings can be based on tests, measurements or areas of the body

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11
Q

A of SOAP

A

Problem list – includes everything from “S” and “O” which is not WNL and could be influenced by therapy
STG/LTG ( STG #2 met)
Identify inconsistencies
Discussion of patient’s progress in therapy
Suggesting further testing, treatment, etc

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12
Q

P of SOAP

A

Plan

Determine and set forth the specific treatment

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13
Q

Telehealth

A

The application of evaluative, consultative , preventive, and therapeutic services delivered through telecommunication and information technologies
OTP must hold a valid Maryland license prior to providing OT services via telehealth to clients physically located in Maryland

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14
Q

Theory

A

The organized way of thinking about human occupation
Defines and explains a relationship between concepts and ideas concerning occupation
Theories “predict” events or behaviors regarding occupation

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15
Q

Theories are important to a profession because

A

Establish fact that profession has a unique body of knowledge
Facilitates growth of a profession via research
Defines area of expertise of the professionals
Demonstrates a distinctive approach to health by OTP

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16
Q

Core values of OT

A

Holistic approach
Mind and body influence each other
Consideration of culture and where is person in lifespan
Engagement in occupations supports health and wellness

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17
Q

Occupation-Based Models

A

Incorporate all areas of OT practice to explain the relationship between occupation, person and environment

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18
Q

Assumptions found in occupation based models

A 
Occupation is a basic human need
Essential to human life
Organizes behavior
Gives meaning to life
Enables a healthy lifestyle
Improves quality of life
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19
Q

Canadian Model of Occupational Performance

A

influences on the individual from the environment, occupations, and the person’s own attributes

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20
Q

Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance PEOP

A

a person’s place in their lifespan influences their roles, activities, expected skills and motivations

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21
Q

CMOP and PEOP

A

Are client centered!

Interprofessional education supports this client centered focus (may also be called family centered)

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22
Q

MOHO Focus

A

Holistic approach
Use with any age/population, healthy or disabled
People actively doing things
How environment supports person’s motivations, patterns of behaviors

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23
Q

MOHO Beliefs/Assumptions

A

Innate drive to be active.
Humans are an open system
Actively doing helps to form our personal identities, self appraisal, self esteem

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24
Q

MOHO

Function is

A

When person is able to choose, organize and perform meaningful occupations
Person continues to learn how to balance is expectations with those of society

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25
Q

MOHO

Dysfunction is

A

Inability to perform occupations
Interruption in role performance
Inability to meet role responsibilities/societal expectations

26
Q

MOHO Parts

A

Input
output
throughput
feedback

27
Q

MOHO

3 parts of person

A

Volition- interest and personal causation
Habituation- habits/roles
Performance Capacity- skills for producing actions

28
Q

Occupational Science

A

thescienceof everyday living. focuses on the benefits of productive, social and physical activity (“occupations”) in people’s everyday lives
Treatment uses meaningful activities/occupations
Strive to provide person with a sense of competence against the backdrop of his/her culture

29
Q

Frame of Reference

A

provides direction for evaluation, treatment
It is the clinical link between theory and occupational therapy practice
Selection may be influenced by setting or patient population

30
Q

Frames of Reference for Physical Function-Biomechanical Focus

A

applied to people with LROM, decreased muscle strength and/or endurance, intact CNS
Focus is on performance skills in motor and sensory areas and regaining skills in areas of occupation
Uses the activity demands and considers client factors

31
Q

Biomechanical does not address

A

person’s performance patterns or context

32
Q

Reasons for Documentation

A 
Legal  
Fosters communication within the discipline and with other disciplines 
Reimbursement from third party payers 
Decisions regarding d/c 
Quality Assurance 
Research
33
Q

Bio-mechanical Indicators of Dysfunction

A

Alteration in joint ROM, muscle strength, and/or endurance or instability which interferes with everyday occupations

34
Q

Bio-mechanical Treatment intervention

A

Prevention and maintenance (body mechanics, joint protection techniques, splints, positioning)
Restoration-aim is to increase the joint ROM, muscle strength and/or endurance and stability. Use gradation (increase duration or intensity of activities)
Compensation-limitation will always exist. Use adaptation

35
Q

Rehabilitation Frame of Reference Focus

A

Using compensation to regain independence

Considers the performance patterns and context as a prime focus of the evaluation and treatment process

36
Q

Rehabilitation Dysfunction

A

Not being able to do self care skills and/or manage home (safely and timely)
Problems interfering with work performance and/or leisure time activities

37
Q

Treatment strategies for the Rehabilitation

A 
Use of adaptive equipment
Home/work modifications
Positioning or use of wheelchair
Use of splints 
Energy conservation techniques
Joint/body protection techniques
ergonomics
38
Q

Cognitive Disability FOR

A

Author is Claudia Allen and her focus is:
Originally used with psychiatric patients
Now expanded and used with clients with TBI, Alzheimer’s, Dementia, Individuals with Developmental Disability

39
Q

Cognitive Disability FOR Assumptions

A

Neuro problems always result in cognitive limitation, which leads to functional limitation
Mental illness results in permanent cognitive limitations
Neuro damage is irreversible and restricts new learning.
Abnormal brain function results in restricted voluntary motor action, so the person is unable to complete routine ordinary tasks.

40
Q

Cognitive Disability Dysfuntion

A

Abnormal brain function results in restricted voluntary motor action
Person is unable to complete routine ordinary tasks (e.g. self care, work, leisure)

41
Q

Cognitive Disability Treatment

A

Adapt the situation, environment, and activity
Focus on patient’s residual skills and working within patient’s limitations
Figure out level of cognitive function and match activities and demands appropriately (e.g. activity analysis)
Make changes in environment to help support patient functioning independently

42
Q

Cognitive Disability Acute Treatment

A

Make changes to environment to help reduce the symptoms or patient’s distress
Monitor patient daily via observation
Use activities of diversion to help support patient to sustain his/her strengths

43
Q

Cognitive Disability Goal

A

Discharge patient into the least restrictive environment possible

44
Q

Motor Control FOR includes

A

Rood
Bobath’s Neurodevelopmental Treatment (NDT)
Brunnstrom
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation

45
Q

4 Motor Control FOR focus on

A

Coordinated movement patterns
Maintaining balance
All emphasize the CNS control of movement
There is no focus on performance patterns or context

46
Q

Motor Control FOR treatment strategies primarily focus on

A

performance skills and activity demands followed by functional activities to support areas of occupation

47
Q

Motor Control FOR treatment is directed at

A

motor dysfunction which occurs as a result of CNS damage

48
Q

Motor Control Assumptions

A

Normal developmental sequence to motor control
Motor control involves both posture (stability) and movement
Stability and voluntary control develop cephalcaudal and proximal to distal
There is plasticity of the CNS

49
Q

Bobath’s Neurodevelopmental Treatment (NDT) Specific Assumptions

A

Postural control is foundation to all movement

You do not impose normal movement upon abnormal muscle tone

50
Q

NDT Patient Population

A

Cerebral Palsy

Hemiplegia due to CVA

51
Q

NDT Dysfunction

A 
Abnormal muscle tone (hypertonic, hypotonic, fluctuating)
Abnormal posture (due to the abnormal muscle tone and/or persistent reflexes)
Abnormal movement (due to the abnormal muscle tone, abnormal posture, reflexes)
52
Q

NDT Treatment

A

Want to inhibit abnormal patterns of movement & posture via handling, positioning, use of key points of control

Goal is to replace the abnormal movement patterns with normal patterns of movement. Secondary result will be more normal sensory input to reinforce the normal movement patterns

53
Q

Assumptions Specific to Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation

A

Normal motor develops from cephal to caudal and proximal to distal
Reflexes dominate early on in development and are integrated into voluntary motor behavior
Motor development requires multi-sensory learning
Normal movement and balance are dependent upon balanced interaction of antagonists

54
Q

PNF Dysfunction

A

Difficulty with motor control

Developed for Cerebral Palsy patients, people with Multiple Sclerosis, SCI and other orthopedic problems

55
Q

Focus of PNF Treatment

A

Stimulation of the proprioceptors (in the joints)
Use of reflexes to stimulate normal movement
Focus is on correcting imbalances between the antagonists
Facilitate stronger muscles to stimulate the weaker ones
Use of sensory cues to facilitate normal motor movement (touch, vision, auditory)
Use of diagonal and circular patterns of movement to reinforce normal patterns of movement

56
Q

ROOD

A

Focused on CP and hemiplegia patients
Felt sensory stimulation assisted with the development of normal muscle tone and motor responses
Treatment uses a lot of vibration, stroking, slow rolling from side to side, brushing, rubbing, followed by a functional motor movement

57
Q

Brunnstrom

A

there is belief to use whatever the patient may have. Sees the use of synergies as being ok and if used over and over then ultimately they get integrated into more normal patterns of movement

58
Q

MD Board of OT Practice Mission Statement

A

Protect the citizens of Maryland and to promote quality health care in the field of Occupational Therapy by:
Licensing OTs and OTAs;
Setting standards of practice of OT through regulations and legislation
Receiving and resolving complaints from the public regarding OTs and OTAs who may have violated the Occupational Therapy Law

59
Q

MD Board Meeting Executive Sessions

A

Complaints
Discipline
Hearings
Closed to Members of the public

60
Q

MD Board Online Services

A 
Verify a license 
Verify a course selection
Renew a license
File a Complaint
Change of Information Request
61
Q

MD Board Meeting General Sessions

A 
Committee Reports
Correspondence
License Ratification
Guests 
Open to the Public

OTA 201 (3 decks)

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