Exam3 Flashcards
What can impede 阻碍the progress of a DevOps transformation the most?
When various groups in the organization have different directions and goals
Which statement describes what could happen when development and operations do not collaborate early in the pipeline?
Surprises are found in deployment that lead to significant rework and delay
What are two benefits of DevOps?
- Faster lead time
- Fewer defects
What marks the beginning of the Continuous Delivery Pipeline?
an idea
Feature toggles切换are useful for which activity?
To decouple 脱离deployment from release
What organizational anti-pattern does DevOps help to address? 帮忙解决一下
Teams that are isolated and working within functional areas (e.g. business, operations, and technology)
What are 4 parts of the Continuous Delivery Pipeline? (CDP)
- Continuous Exploration 不断探索 CE
- Continuous Integration (CI)
- Continuous Depolyment 连续部署 CD
- Release on Demand
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/three-key-takeaways-from-my-safe-50-devops-practitioner-%E4%BF%8A%E5%AE%81-raymond-%E9%AB%98/
What differentiates Deployment and Release in the Continuous Delivery Pipeline?
Deployment occurs multiple times per day; release occurs on demand
Which technical practice incorporates 包含 build-time identification of security vulnerabilities 漏洞 in the code?
Application security
Ensuring that security controls such as threat modeling, application security, and penetration渗透 testing are in place throughout the Continuous
Delivery Pipeline is an example of which stabilizing skill
Continuous security monitoring
Scanning application code for security vulnerabilities is an important step
in which aspect of the Continuous Delivery Pipeline?
Continuous Integration
Which incident response practice most strongly suggests a lack of DevOps culture?
Manual rollback procedures
Which two statements describe the purpose of value stream mapping?
- To visualize how value flows
- To create an action plan for continuous improvement
What should be measured in a CALMR approach to DevOps?
Measure everything
What does value stream mapping help reveal揭示 in the Continuous Delivery Pipeline?
Bottlenecks to the flow of value
Which is true about the Boundaries and Limitations portion of the DevOps
Transformation Canvas?
It captures budget constraints限制条件 that will prevent DevOps improvements
Which Metric reflects the quality of output at each step in the Value Stream?
Percent complete and accurate (%C/A)
What does the activity ratio measure in the Value Stream?
The percentage of time spent on value-added activities
What should the team be able to do after current-state mapping?
Describe the biggest bottlenecks in the delivery pipeline
Which steps in the Value Stream should be the main focus when prioritizing improvement items?
Steps with long lead time and short process time in the current-state map
What are the top two advantages of mapping the current state of the delivery pipeline?
- To enable everyone in the organization to see how the Value Stream is
actually performing - To achieve a collective understanding and consensus 共识 around problems
In which activity are specific improvements to the continuous delivery pipeline identified?
Future-state value stream mapping
Which statement illustrates the biggest bottleneck?
identify the bottleneck step through “Process Time (PT)”, “Lead Time (LT)” and “Percent Complete and Accurate (%C&A)”
The Continuous Exploration aspect primarily supports which key stakeholder objective?
Alignment
The DevOps Health Radar aligns the four aspects of the Continuous Delivery Pipeline to which four stakeholder concerns?
Alignment, quality, time-to-market, business value
How is Lean UX used in Continuous Exploration?
To collaboratively create a benefit hypothesis
Gemba walks are an important competency in support of which activity of the DevOps Health Radar?
Collaborate and Research
Weighted shortest job first is applied to backlogs to identify what?
Maximum economic value
What is the recommended way to prioritize the potential items for the DevOps transformation转型?
Weighted Shortest Job First
Where do features go after Continuous Exploration?
Into Continuous Integration where they are then split into Stories
When does the Continuous Integration aspect of the Continuous Delivery Pipeline begin?
When a Feature has been pulled for work
How should developers integrate refactoring into their workflow?
Refactor continuously as part of test-driven development
What work is performed in the Build activity of the Continuous Delivery Pipeline?
Compile
What is a consequence of working in isolation on long-lived code branches?
Trunk/main will not always be in a deployable state
What are two reasons for test data management?
- To automate provisioning配置data to an application in order to set it to a
known state before testing begins - To generate synthetic 合成的 test data inputs in order to validate test scenarios
for automated tests maintained in version control
Continuous Deployment enables which key business objective?
Time-to-market
which practice helps developers deploy their own code into production?
Self-service deployment
What is one potential outcome of the Verify activity of the Continuous
Delivery Pipeline?
Roll back a failed deployment
Which two skills appear under the Respond activity?
- Cross-team collaboration
- Version control
Which teams should coordinate when responding to production issues?
Teams across the value stream
What triggers the Release activity?
Business decision to go live 上线
What is a possible output of the Release activity?
A solution is made available to internal users
A canary release involves releasing value to whom?
Any subset of users at a time
Why is Hypothesis evaluation important when analyzing data from
monitoring systems in the release on demand aspect?
It helps link objective production data to the hypothesis being teste
When should teams use root cause analysis to address impediments to
continuous delivery?
During Inspect and Adapt
