Exam2 Michelsintro Flashcards
what percentage of body is water? intracell portion? extra cell?
60% body is water
40% intracell
20% extracell
Where is sodium higher?
extra cell
where is K higher?
inside cell
Where is Cl higher
extracell
What controls fluid movement primarily between ECF and ICF
Na, so NaK ATPase
what controls fluid within ECF i.e. plasma and interstilium
the oncotic and hydrostatic pressures
what is non-pitting edema
swollen cell sdue to increased ICF volume
what is pitting edema
increased interstitial fluid volume
which type of edema does not respond to diuretics
non pitting edema
What is isoosmotic volume contraction. give examples
osmolarity is same
change in volume of ECF only
diarrhea, vomiting, hemorrhage
give example of isometric expansion
giving saline
What is hyperosmotic volume expansion and give examples
osmolarity and volume of ECF increases
ICF volume decreases to keep equilibrium(water)
excess NaCl intake, mannitol infusion
what is hyoosmotic volume expansion and give examples
addition of pure water will decreased ECF osmolarity and the water increases in both ECF and ICF
SIADH, psychogenic polydipsia
what is the renal response to volume expansion
decreased SAN causes nephron to vasodilate, increasing GFR Heart increases BNP and ANP brain decreases ADH release dec renin. dec Ang I II and aldosteron leads to water loss overall
What is a hypoosmotic volume contraction and give example
osmolarity of ECF decreases and volume
ICF volume increases
examples
hypoaldosteronism and adrenal insufficiency
what is hyperosmotic volume contraction
lost water
osmolarity of ECF increases and volume
ICF volume decreases and water shiffts from ICF to ECF to equilibrate
dehydration and diabetes inspidus
what are the bodies response to volume contraction
increased SAN vasoconstriction of renal vasc (afferent and efferent) GFR decreases Heart dec ANP and BNP increase in ADH increase renin, ANG I II and aldosterone to decrease Na and water secretion
what happens to a cell in a hypotonic(hypoosmotic) environment
the cell swells
what happens to the cell in a hypertonic solution
cell shrinks
where is the cortex and medulla of kidney? where are the nephrons
cortex is the outside
medulla inside
nephrons–> juxtamedullary loop of henle extend into medulla
cortical nephron stays in Cx
Which type of nephron is important in concentrating urine
juxtamedullary
osmolarity of renal medulla increases during the center
which cells release renin
juxtaglomerular cells
what cells autoregulate vasculature of renal system
macula densa cells
describe glomerular capillaries
high hydrostatic pressure filter into bowmans capsule