exam two Flashcards
lexical diversity
different words used in songs
recording industry
- few large firms control industry
- labels favor well est genres with mass market appeal
- online distribution increases musical diversity
functions of recording industry
entertainment
cultural transmission
1950s for music
- birth of rock and roll
- intro to 45 rpm single
- radios = top 40 music list was born
- emergence of teens as economic force
payola scandals 1959
record labels paying radio stations to play certain songs
1960s for music
rise of motown
british invasion
consolidation of music industry
big 3 companies control 90% of market
- Sony Music
- Universal Music Group
- Warner Music Group
Recording Industry Association of America
- trade organization representing the major american music labels worldwide
- they create, manufacture, and/or distribute approx 85% of all US music
most modern tv networks started as radio networks
and tv programs
NBC
ABC
CBS
one to many model
one source and many receivers
people listen to the radio for an avg of ____-
2.5 hours a day
types of radio
AM
FM
Satellite
Online
functions of radio
surveillance
entertainment
correlation
fm radio
invented by edward howard armstrong 1934
-1st half of 20th century most people used AM
radio competing with tv
to reinvent radio
- specialization
- segments
- pocket radios
- recorded music
functions of photography
surveillance
cultural transmission
correlation
kodak
george eastman
film 1888
inexpensive cameras
in 70s commanded 90% of film sales and 85% of camera sales
one of most important camera companies until 2000
function of movies
entertainment
cultural transmission
-most commercially produced films intent is to make money
silent movie era
1890s to 1920s
first successful talkie
the jazz singer
5 major move studios
- MGM
- Paramount
- Warner
- 20th century fox
- RKO
supreme court ruled movie studios couldn’t own
movie theaters
cultivation theory
those who watch more tv are more likely to see real world in terms of values images portrayals and ideologies that emerge through lens of tv
mean world syndrome
violence related content makes views believe world is more dangerous than it actually is
selective exposure
ppl prefer exposure to arguments supporting their position over supporting other positions
-more likely to consume content that goes along with their viewpoints
functions of tv
surveillance
entertainment
correlation
cultural transmission
what it takes to be interactive
- responsive
- doesn’t completely control
- isn’t completely controlled
- doesn’t respond in completely random fashion
examples of interactivity
- dialog btwn human and computer program
- dialog affects type of feedback received, changing as dialog continues
- audience has some measure of control over media content and order its seen
interactive media
encourages users to learn and explore
- quizzes, games, hyperlinks
- changes media experience for users
user interfaces
- junction between medium and a user
- computers bc of their complexity need more user interfaces than traditional media
- allow for more active audience
TV user interfaces
- buttons to control color, sound, screen dimensions
- remote control
Intuitive Interfaces- Keyboards
- 1st typewriters ordered letters in alphabetical order
- QWERTY keyboard takes into account frequency of letters in words and orders them in a way the keys won’t get jammed
Intuitive Interfaces- Computer Mouse
device to manipulate computer data in an easy way
graphical user interfaces
increased storage capacity
addition of audio and video
internet protocol
1974
common language to use btwn computers so they can communicate
world wide web
1991
http and html
broadband
crucial to receive audio and video in real time for streaming
US vs Microsoft
windows had a monopoly and microsoft was required to share its application programming interfaces with 3rd party companies
social media
use of technology combined with social interaction to create value
- choice
- conversations
- curation
- creation
- collaboration
gatekeeping
news is controlled content and they control how you get that content because they control distribution
dialogic communication
publish then filter
many to many
types of social media
email
chat rooms
blogs
social networking platforms
big data
everything we do on internet can be tracked and used as data
agenda setting
type of social learning
- ppl learn about relative importance of issues in society through amount of coverage the issues receive in media
- more media coverage= more concern
Joseph Pulizter
yellow journalism
yellow journalism
based on sensationalism over facts
descriptive journalism
conceived as focusing mainly on what where when who and verifiable facts
interpretive journalism
focused mainly on why and how. doesn’t go beyond fact focused journalism
literary journalism
personal view
description of emotions
1st person narrative
feature stories
alternative journalism
19th century british socialist newspapers
public journalism
- listen to stories/ideas of citizens
- approach stories in alternative ways
- present issues that stimulate citizen deliberation
- report on relevant problems that increase public knowledge about possible solutions
citizen journalism
citizens playing active role in process of collecting reporting analyzing news
