(exam) topic2- Organisations In CJS✅

Question 1

What are the 7 organisations in the CJS?

Answer 1

1) police*
2) courts*
3) prisons*
4) government*
5) cps
6) probation service
7) pressure groups and charities

Question 2

👮‍♀️What are 3 key things the police do?

Answer 2

1- enforce law in society , make sure ppl follow them

2- keep community safe

3- arrest and fine ppl doing wrong

(Can also be a witness in court)

Question 3

👮‍♀️What are the 4 ways police deal with minor crimes?

Answer 3

1- cautions/ warnings
2-fine (penalty notice)
3-community resolution
4-proper formal apology

Question 4

What happens when a crime is reported ?

Answer 4

• police decide if they can investigate
• investigations take long time , some never get solved
• if not enough evidence offender won’t get caught

Question 5

🧑‍⚖️what type to court does every criminal go too at first?

Where do the more serious cases go too?

Where do appeals from the crown court go too? (Two places)

What are civil cases?

Answer 5

1) Magistrates court
2) Serious cases go to crown court
3) Either go to supreme courts or High court of appeal
4) family cases

Question 6

🧑‍⚖️ list some roles of judges:

Answer 6

• decider of law
• ensure cases are fair and human rights complaint
• provide a summing to the jury before they reach a verdict
• provide a ruling on any legal issues

Question 7

Sentencing in England and Wales:

1) what are 4 things considered when issuing some one a sentence?
2) what could happen if an offender is honest and pleads guilty?
3) what are the 3 main types of sentence?
4) what’s a discharge?

Answer 7

1) seriousness of offence, harm caused to victim ,offenders level of blame and previous convictions
2) sentence length can get reduced
3) prison, community sentence , fines and discharges
4) no real punishment, going to court itself is seen as punishment enough

Question 8

👑CPS:

1) what is 2 things the crown prosecution service does working along side the police?
2) what do they determine about more serious cases?
3) what are 2 questions they base prosecution off?

Answer 8

1) advises them on cases for possible prosecution & reviews cases submitted by police
2) decide which defendants should be charged w more serious crimes
3) amount of evidence & public interest to bring case to court

Question 9

Probation service:

What is probation?

Answer 9

when some one leaves prison they have a chance to do right to those they’ve damaged and give back to be community
It’s all about reintegrating offenders into society
Usually wear a tag and have curfews

Question 10

What’s the role of pressure groups?

What’s the role of charities?

Answer 10

Pressure groups fight for justice and campaign for change

Charities help victims and offenders eg women’s refuge

Question 11

What are aggravating factors that can effect some ones punishment?

What are mitigating factors?

Answer 11

1) factors that make it worse for them

2) more leanient , make punishment less harsh

Question 12

🤝How organisations work together in the CJS:
(Police)

1) how do the police work with the courts?
2) how do they work with prisons?
3) how do they work with the CPS?

Answer 12

1) can act as a witness of a case
2) police arrest ppl which leads to prison
3) need the CPS permission to charge ppl

Question 13

🤝How organisations work together in the CJS:
(Courts)

1) how do courts work with prisons?
2) how do they work with the CPS?
3) how do they work with the government?
4) how do they work with the police?

Answer 13

1) issue sentences which leave ppl in prisons
2) they prosecute in the CPS cases in court
3) receive sentencing guidelines off government
4) police can act as witness in courts

Question 14

🤝How organisations work together in the CJS:
(Prisons)

1) how does the prisons work with probation services?
2) how do they work with police?
3) how do they work with courts?

Answer 14

1) they release ppl which go to probation services
2) take convicts arrested by police
3) courts issue sentencing , ppl often end up in prison

Question 15

🤝How organisations work together in the CJS:
(Probation service)

1)how do they work with the police?

Answer 15

1) take on offenders released from prison

Question 16

🤝How organisations work together in the CJS:
(CPS)

1) how does the cps work with courts?
2) how does it work with government?
3) how does it work with police?

Answer 16

1) cases decided to be prosecuted by cps acctually get prosecuted in court
2) only uses laws passed by government
3) cps grant permission to police to charge ppl

Question 17

🤝How organisations work together in the CJS:
(Government)

1) how does the government work with courts?
2) how does government work with the CPS?

Answer 17

1) gov. Give sentencing guidelines to courts and judiciary

2) the gov. Pass laws in which the cps use

Question 18

Models of the CJS:

1) who invented the Two models?
2) what are both of them called?
3) which one do we follow ?

Answer 18

1) packer
2) crime control model and due process model
3) due process model

Question 19

Crime control model:

1) What views does the crime control model reflect?
2) What is the quote?
3) Why do advocates say this process is good?

Answer 19

1) traditional political conservative values
2) “guilty until proven guilty”
3) moves cases on fast and sufficiently , acts like a conveyer belt of cases

Question 20

Due process model:

1) what views does the due process model reflect?
2) what the quote?

Answer 20

1) embodies traditional liberal values

2) “innocent until proven guilty”

Question 21

crime control model- AO3:

✅list 3 strengths

Answer 21

✅powerful deterrent and public protection
✅zero tolerence, quicker and more efficient process
✅low cost

Question 22

crime control model- AO3:

❌list 3 weaknesses

Answer 22

❌leads to more wrongful convictions
❌opposes offenders rights
❌rehabilitation

Question 23

due process model- AO3:

✅list 3 strengths

Answer 23

✅ensures the fair and just verdict is reached
✅conviction reliability is higher
✅achieve defendant and citizen rights

Question 24

due process model-AO3:

❌3 weaknesses

Answer 24

❌police have limited power amid coercion
❌higher reoffending rates- weak deterrent
❌expensive