Exam specific answers Flashcards
explain 1 way in which starch molecules are adapted for their function in plant cells (storage substance)? (2)
insoluble so they don’t affect water potential
helical structure so compact
large molecule so cannot leave cell
explain how cellulose molecules are adapted for their function in plant cells? (3)
they are made up of long and straight chains which become linked by many hydrogen bonds to form fibrils, so they provide strength to the cell wall
in what ways is the structure of cellulose different to the structure of starch? (5)
starch/cellulose
alpha glucose/beta glucose
branched/unbranched
helical/straight
no microfibrils/has microfibrils
all glucoses same way up/alternate glucoses are upside down
state two differences between the structure of cellulose and starch? (2)
cellulose is made up of β-glucose and glycogen is made up of α-glucose
cellulose molecule has straight chain and glycogen is branched
glycogen has 1,4- and 1,6- glycosidic bonds and cellulose has only 1,4- glycosidic bonds
why do red blood cells have a higher percentage by mass of cholesterol than ileum cells? (1)
red blood cells are not supported by other cells, so the cholesterol helps them to maintain their shape