ATP (3.1.6)

Question 1

what is the structure of a molecule of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

Answer 1

it is a nucleotide derivative formed from a molecule of ribose, a molecule of adenine and three phosphate groups

Question 2

what does the hydrolysis of ATP produce?

Answer 2

adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and an inorganic phosphate group

Question 3

which enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of ATP?

Answer 3

ATP hydrolase

Question 4

what can the hydrolysis of ATP be used for?

Answer 4

it can be coupled to energy-requiring reactions within cells eg. active transport, muscle contraction

Question 5

what can the inorganic phosphate released in the hydrolysis of ATP be used for?

Answer 5

to phosphorylate other compounds, which often makes them more reactive

Question 6

how is ATP resynthesised?

Answer 6

by the condensation of ADP and Pi (so it is a phosphorylation reaction)

Question 7

which enzyme catalyses the condensation of ADP and Pi?

Answer 7

ATP synthase, during respiration or photosynthesis

Question 8

what can the energy released from the aerobic respiration of one glucose molecule be used for?

Answer 8

it can be transferred to over 30 molecules of ATP

Question 9

what is the key feature of ATP?

Answer 9

only a small amount of energy is required to break the bond holding the last phosphate molecule in place, but lots of energy is released when the bond is broken