Exam (Short answer questions) Flashcards
Where did early humans in the Palaeolithic Age often find shelter?
Caves
What innovation did early humans use to survive the Ice Age and colder climates?
Fire
What are two examples of hominids?
Homo habils and homo erectus
How do we know what we know about early humans?
Archaeology and anthropology
What are two examples of domesticated animals, and what were they used for?
Cattle for food and horses for transportation
Why is the “Out of Africa” theory also known as “The Replacement Theory”
The Homo sapiens expanded outwards into Europe and Asia and replaced the hominids in those areas
What are two examples of prehistoric artifacts that may interest a historian?
Tools and art
List 6 characteristics of civilization
Religion, art, writing, cities, government, social structure
Name two environmental factors that contributed to Egypts stability
The nile and natural barriers
Name one innovation/contribution of the Sumerians
The poetry wheel
Between what two rivers is the Fertile Crescent located?
Tigris and Euphrates
Name two innovations/contributions of the Egyptians
Geometry and hieroglyphics
What invention of the Phoenicians later inspired that of the Greeks, Romans, and much later, English-speakers today?
Their alphabet
According to legend, how did the Greeks finally breach the walls of Troy?
They put their best military soldiers in a large wooden horse and give it to Troy
What group of people ran Greek city-states?
An oligarchy, a small group of wealthy elites
In general terms, what two groups backed the rise of tyrants in Ancient Greece.
The merchants and the peasants
List three ways in which an acropolis was used
A place of sanctuary during attack, a religious centre, and a gathering centre
When Julius Caesar came to power, which two reforms did he make and how did that turn out for him?
Gave land to the poor and increased the Roman Senate from 300 to 900 to dilute his oppositions. The roman senate thought he wouldn’t give up power, so they assassinated him.
Who was Spartacus, and what did he do?
A roman gladiator who lead a large slave revolt
What system of government were Crassus, Pompey, and Julius Caesar famous for creating?
A triumvirate
What where the causes of each punic war
1) Rome wanted control of Sicily
2) Rome convinced a Carthaginian ally in Spain to revolt
3) The Roman Senate wanted Carthage destroyed
What are two principles from the Law of Nations that we still use in law today?
Innocent until proven guilty and if accused of wrong doing you have the right to defend yourself before a judge
Name two impacts that the Greeks had on Rome and two impacts the Etruscans had on Rome
Greek: Olive farming and alphabet
Etruscans: gave the model for their army and turned Rome into a city
Why were Christians so badly persecuted by Romans?
They contradicted Roman beliefs, they believed in one god rather than being polytheistic
What are two problems that faced Rome before the collapse of the Empire?
Civil war and plague
List three ways in which rights fir woman and/or children evolved as Rome progressed
1) Men couldn’t sentence their kids to death
2) Woman could go out without a male guardian
3) Women could influence politics through their husbands
What did Augustus do to ensure the stability of his Empire? Why did this work?
He made a system where emperors could choose a successor, this worked because people wouldn’t fight over who should have power
