Exam (Short answer questions)

Question 1

Where did early humans in the Palaeolithic Age often find shelter?

Answer 1

Caves

Question 2

What innovation did early humans use to survive the Ice Age and colder climates?

Answer 2

Fire

Question 3

What are two examples of hominids?

Answer 3

Homo habils and homo erectus

Question 4

How do we know what we know about early humans?

Answer 4

Archaeology and anthropology

Question 5

What are two examples of domesticated animals, and what were they used for?

Answer 5

Cattle for food and horses for transportation

Question 6

Why is the “Out of Africa” theory also known as “The Replacement Theory”

Answer 6

The Homo sapiens expanded outwards into Europe and Asia and replaced the hominids in those areas

Question 7

What are two examples of prehistoric artifacts that may interest a historian?

Answer 7

Tools and art

Question 8

List 6 characteristics of civilization

Answer 8

Religion, art, writing, cities, government, social structure

Question 9

Name two environmental factors that contributed to Egypts stability

Answer 9

The nile and natural barriers

Question 10

Name one innovation/contribution of the Sumerians

Answer 10

The poetry wheel

Question 11

Between what two rivers is the Fertile Crescent located?

Answer 11

Tigris and Euphrates

Question 12

Name two innovations/contributions of the Egyptians

Answer 12

Geometry and hieroglyphics

Question 13

What invention of the Phoenicians later inspired that of the Greeks, Romans, and much later, English-speakers today?

Answer 13

Their alphabet

Question 14

According to legend, how did the Greeks finally breach the walls of Troy?

Answer 14

They put their best military soldiers in a large wooden horse and give it to Troy

Question 15

What group of people ran Greek city-states?

Answer 15

An oligarchy, a small group of wealthy elites

Question 16

In general terms, what two groups backed the rise of tyrants in Ancient Greece.

Answer 16

The merchants and the peasants

Question 17

List three ways in which an acropolis was used

Answer 17

A place of sanctuary during attack, a religious centre, and a gathering centre

Question 18

When Julius Caesar came to power, which two reforms did he make and how did that turn out for him?

Answer 18

Gave land to the poor and increased the Roman Senate from 300 to 900 to dilute his oppositions. The roman senate thought he wouldn’t give up power, so they assassinated him.

Question 19

Who was Spartacus, and what did he do?

Answer 19

A roman gladiator who lead a large slave revolt

Question 20

What system of government were Crassus, Pompey, and Julius Caesar famous for creating?

Answer 20

A triumvirate

Question 21

What where the causes of each punic war

Answer 21

1) Rome wanted control of Sicily
2) Rome convinced a Carthaginian ally in Spain to revolt
3) The Roman Senate wanted Carthage destroyed

Question 22

What are two principles from the Law of Nations that we still use in law today?

Answer 22

Innocent until proven guilty and if accused of wrong doing you have the right to defend yourself before a judge

Question 23

Name two impacts that the Greeks had on Rome and two impacts the Etruscans had on Rome

Answer 23

Greek: Olive farming and alphabet
Etruscans: gave the model for their army and turned Rome into a city

Question 24

Why were Christians so badly persecuted by Romans?

Answer 24

They contradicted Roman beliefs, they believed in one god rather than being polytheistic

Question 25

What are two problems that faced Rome before the collapse of the Empire?

Answer 25

Civil war and plague

Question 26

List three ways in which rights fir woman and/or children evolved as Rome progressed

Answer 26

1) Men couldn’t sentence their kids to death
2) Woman could go out without a male guardian
3) Women could influence politics through their husbands

Question 27

What did Augustus do to ensure the stability of his Empire? Why did this work?

Answer 27

He made a system where emperors could choose a successor, this worked because people wouldn’t fight over who should have power