Exam semaster 1 Flashcards
study flash cards
Menifact
The shared ideas, values, and beliefs of a culture. Examples include religion, language, viewpoints, and ideas about right or wrong behavior.
Artifact
Objects made or used by humans with cultural significance are often studied to understand past societies and their material culture.
Sociofact
the structures and organizations of a culture which influence social behavior
Cultural taboo
something that is considered inappropriate within a cultural group.
culture relativism
Cultural relativism is the view that ethical and social standards reflect the cultural context from which they are derived.
relocation diffusion
Relocation Diffusion occurs when people move from their original location to another and bring their innovations with them.
contagious diffusion
Contagious diffusion is the process of an idea being spread rapidly throughout the population; all places and individuals in the region are affected
sect
A sect is a relatively small group that has broken away from an established denomination.
The Big Four religions that account for 77% of the world
Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism
What are the two religions dominant in South Asia
Hindus make up about 68 percent or about 900 million and Muslims at 31 percent
Which country has the largest number of Muslims
Indonesia in Southeast Asia
What is the hearth of Hinduism
Indus River Valley region.
which 3 religions diffused in a hierarchical pattern
Christianity in Israel, Islam in Saudi Arabia, and Buddhism in India.
how many languages exist in the world today
7,139 officially known languages
which language family is the largest with about 3.2 billion speakers distributed across the world
Indo-European languages
what language family does English belong to
Indo-European language family,
what is the most commonly used Sino-Tibetan language
Mandarin
Define Dialect
a particular form of a language which is peculiar to a specific region or social group.
isogloss
a line on a dialect map marking the boundary between linguistic features.
migration
the movement of people from one place to another.
immigration
the movement of people to another country for permanent settlement.
emmigration
Emigration is the act of leaving a resident country or place of residence with the intent to settle elsewhere
what is a intervening oppurtunity
the potential alternatives that arise during the migration process, which can influence a person’s decision to settle in a location other than their intended destination.
Economic push factors
negative conditions such as poverty, environmental degradation, unemployment, low pay, low standard of living, high taxation, and lack of resources and services.
social push factors
poverty, lack of social mobility, violence, or persecution.
political push factors
war, political instability, famine, and drought,
environmental push factor
the negative aspects of a person’s environment that drive them to migrate away from their current location
economic pull factors
higher wages, better employment opportunities, a higher standard of living and educational opportunities.
political pull factors
having more rights and liberties in a country, access to good health and social services, and good education.
environmental pull factors
physical attractors: warm or temperate climates, coastal areas, or mountain views
most migration is due to _____
push factors.
most migrants are ____
young males
define remittances
A remittance is money sent to another party, usually in another country.
what is chain migration
Chain migration refers to a process where individuals, typically men, migrate first, establish themselves, and then facilitate the migration of their family members such as fiancés, wives, and children to join them in a new country.
give an example of chain migrations
The family migrating to new York because there were relatives
what is step migration
When a migrant follows a path of a series of stages, or steps toward a final destination
give an example of step migration
family moves from one city to another city, to a small town outside of their destination, to their destination itself.
guest worker
voluntary migrants who temporarily migrate to another country seeking job opportunities.
refugees
people who are being forced to leave their traditional lands due to persecution or material hardship within their society.
asylum seeker
those who leave the sovereign territory of one country in order to achieve refugee status in another, based upon claims of danger because of race, religion, nationality, or other pertinent identifiers.
what was the arab spring
The Arab Spring was a wave of pro-democracy protests and uprisings that took place in the Middle East and North Africa in 2010 and 2011.
Identify the 4 main population concentrations in the world
East Asia, South Asia, Europe, and Southeast Asia.
define ecumene
inhabited land.
4 sparsely populated areas
The Amazon forests, the Northern artic regions, the Australian bush and the Siberian plains
the human development index looks at how well countries are doing in which three areas
health, education, and standard of living.
during which DTM stage would you find the highest natural increase rate
stage 2
during which DTM stage would you find the highest death rate
Stage 1
During which DTM stage would you find the lowest birthrate
Stage 3
what is thomas malthus main claim
populations inevitably expand until they outgrow their available food supply
define pro natalist population policy
Pro-natalist policies are government measures designed to encourage higher birth rates and support family growth, often implemented in response to declining population levels.
give an example of Pro-natalist population party
In Japan, they have invested millions of dollars to promote couples having children.Jun 18, 2024
what five themes do geographers use to organize information
location, place, region, movement, and human- environment interaction.
Define absolute location
the precise geographic coordinates of a specific point on the Earth’s surface, usually expressed in terms of latitude and longitude.
example of absolute location
the Empire State Building is located at 40.7 degrees north (latitude), 74 degrees west (longitude).
relative location
a description of how a place is related to other places.
example of relative location
Frederick lives in a town that is west of the Mississippi River.
formal region
well-defined areas that share a common attribute such as language, culture, religion, or economic activity.
functional region
A functional region in geography is an area centered on a node, focal point, or central hub surrounded by interconnecting linkages.
vernacular region
A vernacular region is a region that is often defined differently amongst many various people
what happens to time if you are traveling east across 180* longitude
you lose a day.
Map projections are….S.A.D.D, because they distort?
Preserving any one requires distorting at least one other.
why is the mercator map projection ideal for sailors as a navigational tool
gives accurate directions,
name two countries that were fighting in the cold war
United States and the Soviet Union
although its officially over, how can imperialism still be seen today?
international propaganda to denounce and discredit an opponent’s foreign policy. International organizations, including the United Nations, attempt to maintain peace using measures such as collective security arrangements and aid to developing countries.
define digital citizenship
the ability to navigate our digital environments in a way that’s safe and responsible and to actively and respectfully engage in these spaces.
define plagiarism
the practice of taking someone else’s work or ideas and passing them off as one’s own.
digital tattoo
The idea of a digital tattoo is similar to that of having a digital reputation, but it goes one step further. It brings together all of the big data collected on each of us.
copy:
Ctrl+ c
paste:
Ctrl+ v
cut:
ctrl+ x
Undo:
Ctrl+Z
Reopen the last tab you’ve closed
Control + Shift + T (Windows).
