Exam Revision Semester 2 Flashcards
How does the stimulus-response model operate?
The model consists of 5 different components. The stimulus, the receptor, the control centre, the effector, and the response. When the body detects a stimulus, it is received by one of the four receptors. The message travels through neurons to the control centre; usually the brain and it interprets the message. The brain decides what to do and sends the message via neurons to the effector organ. This organ carries out the response.
What is the difference between positive and negative feedback?
Positive feedback is when the response goes in the same direction as the stimulus. An example is when giving birth as the uterus contracts and the brain tells the pancreas to release more hormones. Negative feedback is when the response opposes the stimulus. An example is when you are dehydrated and the kidney is told to release less urine.
What are the different components within the nervous system?
Th Central Nervous System consists of the brain and spinal cord where as the Peripheral Nervous System consists of everything else in your body.
What is the job for all the different neurons?
Sensory neurons carry message to the CNS. The Interneuron carries it through the CNS, and the motor neuron carries the response from the CNS to the effector organ.
What is the structure of a neuron?
The neuron consists of three main parts; the cell body, the dendrites and the axon terminals. The cell body contains the nucleus. If this dies, the neuron dies. The dendrites receive the message from other neurons. It travels down the axon and reaches the axon terminals to be sent to the next neuron. The axon is wrapped with myelin sheath to increase the speed the neuron is sent down the axon.
What do the receptors detect and where are they?
Photoreceptors detect light and can be found in your eye. Mechanoreceptors detect sound and can be found in your ear. Chemoreceptors detect chemicals in your nose and mouth. Thermoreceptors detect temperature in your skin.
