Exam Review Flashcards
Which cranial nerve contains SVE fibers?
a-Occulomotor
b-Trigeminal
c-Abducens
A- trigeminal
—-occulomotor would be correct also
III, V, VII, IX, X,
Which cranial nerve is responsible for swallowing movements, secretion of saliva, and taste sense from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
A-trigeminal
B-facial
C- glossopharyngeal
Glossalpharyngeal
Jean needs to have a tooth filled. Her dentist gives her a shot of Novocain to one of the cranial nerve so she doesn’t feel any discomfort. What cranial nerve is the dentist numbing?
A- trochlear
B-trigeminal
C- hypoglossal
Trigeminal
Vision is the function of which cranial nerve?
a-I
B-II
C-III
II
The cranial nerves that are involved in controlling eye movement are the___?
A-VII, IX, X
B- III, VII, IX, X
C- III, IV, VI
III, IV, VI
What are the cranial nerves that carry only sensory information?
A-I,II,III
B- III,IV, VI
C- I, II, VIII
I, II, and VIII
Which cranial nerve is responsible for facial expression, secretions of saliva and tears, and taste sense from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
A-trigeminal
B-facial
C-glossopharyngeal
Facial
Which cranial nerve is responsible for tongue movement?
a-VII
B-XI
C-XII
XII
Which cranial nerves are parts of the parasympathetic nervous system?
A-II, III, IV, VI
B- III, VII, IX, X
C- IX, X, XI, XII
III, VII, IX, X
What is the longest cranial nerve?
A-trigeminal
B- glossopharyngeal
C- vagus
Vagus
Which cranial nerve passes through foramen magnum?
A- vagus
B- accessory
C- hypoglossal
Accessory
Olfactory nerve consists of ___ neurons
A- unmyelinated axons of the bipolar neurons
B- heavily myelinated axons of ganglionic
C- central processes of the unipolar
Unmyelinated axons of the bipolar
The olfactory tract conductor the sensory input to the primary olfactory cortex via ___
A- olfactory bulb
B- thalamus
C- lateral olfactory stria
Lateral olfactory stria
The primary olfactory cortex can be found in the ___ of the ___ lobe.
A- gyrus of Heschl/ temporal
B- uncus/ temporal
C- orbitofrontal cortex/ frontal
Uncus/ temporal
The conscious persecution of smell takes place in the ___ cortex.
A-primary olfactory
B- orbitofrontal
C- premotor
Orbitfrontal
The vomernasal organ is served by the cranial nerve ___
A- CN 0
B- CN I
C- CN V
CN 0
The lesion of the parahippocampal uncus may result the ____.
A- anosmia
B- olfactory hallucinations
C- rhinorrhea
Olfactory hallucinations
Nuclei of the facial nerve can be found in the ___
A- midbrain
B-pons
C- medulla oblongata
Pons
While entering the internal auditory meatus, the intermediate nerve contains ___ fibers
A- special visceral efferent
B- special visceral afferent
C- general somatic efferent
Special visceral afferent
The corticobulbar innervation of the motor nucleus of CN VII is ___
A- bilateral for the upper face but contralateral for the lower face
B- bilateral for he upper face but ipsilateral for the lower face
C- ipsilateral for the upper face
Bilateral for the upper face but contralateral for the lower face
Sublingual and submandibular salivary glands receive innervation from the ___ nucleus
A- superior salivatory
B- inferior salivatory
C- solitary
Superior salivatory
Which nucleus mediates the efferent limb of the corneal reflex?
A- main trigeminal
B- facial motor
C- mesencephalic
Facial motor
Cell bodies of the postganglionic neurons that innervate the lacrimal gland are located in the ___ ganglion
A- ciliary
B- pterygopalantine
C- geniculate
Pterygopalantine
Cell bodies of the 1st order sensory neurons that mediate taste sensation from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue can be found in the ___ ganglion
A- geniculate
B- pterygopalantine
C- submandibular
Geniculate
Over a period of years, a 55 year old woman has bouts of tinnitus and nausea that have now progresses to significant hearing loss in her left ear. She is also unable to both eyes which the equal power and has no corneal reflex on the left. She complains of facial numbness on the left and of being unable to keep liquids in her mouth long enough to swallow. What cranial nerve is involved in the patient’s condition?
A- glossopharyngeal
B-abducens
C- facial
Facial
Taste sensation form the anterior 2/3 of the tongue is carried by ___ nerve
A- chorda tympani
B- greater superficial petrosal
C- posterior auricular
Chorda tympani
Because facial nerve mediates sensation from the ear, it is part of the ___ system.
A-trigeminal
B-auditory
C- Vestibulocochlear
Trigeminal
Lesion of the facial nerve may result in the ___ because paralysis of the ___ muscle.
A- hypacusis/ tensor tympani
B- hyperacusis/ stapedius
C- presbycusis/ temporalis
Hyperacusis
Stapedius
Facial nerve exits the skull via the ___ foramen of temporal bone
A- jugular
B- stylomastoid
C- mastoid
Stylomastoid
A tumor in the floor of the 4th ventricle has compressed the abducens nucleus in the right part of the pons. This resulted in right medial strabismus. What else might you expect to see in the patient?
A- an inability to wrinkle the forehead on the right
b- an unilateral sensorineural hearing loss
C- a right ptosis
An inability to wrinkle the forehead on the right.
Central process of the 1st order sensory neurons that mediate taste sensation travel to the ___ nucleus of brainstem.
A- solitary
B- superior salivatory
C- geniculate
Solitary
The Vestibulocochlear nerve contains ___ fibers
A- SSA
B- GSA
C- SVA
SSA
Lesion of which cranial nerve would result in nystagmus?
A- abducens
B- Vestibulocochlear
C- Oculomotor
Vestibulocochlear
Over a period of years, a 55 year old woman has bouts of tinnitus and nausea that have now progresses to significant hearing loss in her left ear. She is also unable to both eyes which the equal power and has no corneal reflex on the left. She complains of facial numbness on the left and of being unable to keep liquids in her mouth long enough to swallow. What cranial nerve is involved in the patient’s condition FIRST?
A- trigeminal
B- facial
C- Vestibulocochlear
Vestibulocochlear
The primary vestibular cortex is located in Broadmann’s areas ___?
A- 2v and 3a
B- 41 and 41
C- 5 and 7
2v
3a
The lateral vestibulospinal tract ____
A- is found at all thoracic and upper lumbar levels of the spinal cord
B- facilitates flexor muscle tone
C- is an uncrossed pathway
Is an uncrosssed pathway
The vestibular ganglion can be found in the ____
A- external auditory meatus
B- modiolus
C- internal auditory meatus
Internal auditory meatus
The semicircular canals constitute the ___ labyrinth
A- kinetic
B- static
C- acustic
Kinetic
Vestibular nuclei are connected to the motor nuclei of CN III, IV, and VI by the ___?
A- medial lemniscus
B- medial longitudinal fasciculus
C- Vestibulo-olivary tract
Medial longitudinal fasiculus
1st order sensory neurons of auditory pathway are located in the ___ ganglion.
A- trigeminal
B- spiral
C- vestibular
Spiral
By placing cool water in the patients left external auditory meatus, under normal circumstances you would expect ___
A- nystagmus with quick component to the right
B- both eyes will drift slowly to the right
C- nystagmus with quick component to the left
Nystagmus with quick component to the right
COWS
Cool opposite, warm same
A 37 year old patient has a profound sensorineural hearing loss in one ear. Hearing in the other ear is normal. A possible site of the lesion is in the ___
A-primary auditory cortex
B- inferior colliculus
C- cochlear nucleus
Cochlear nucleus
—-unilateral
Which structure plays a role in “auditory sharpening”?
A-olivocochlear bundle
B- inferior colliculus
C- medial longitudinal fasciculus
Olivocochlear bundle
Lesion of which structure would result in auditory illusions and hallucinations?
A- superior and middle temporal gyrus
B- superior parietal lobule
C- uncus
Superior and middle temporal gyri
—-uncus= smell
Which structure belongs to the auditory pathway?
A- medial lemniscus
B- lateral lemniscus
C- medial longitudinal fasciculus
Lateral lemniscus
Wernicke speech area is located in the ___ of the dominant hemisphere
A- posterior part of superior temporal gyrus
B- angular gyrus
C- transverse gyrus of temporal lobe
Posterior part of the superior temporal gyrus
Which nerve contains GSE fibers?
A- IX
B- X
C- XI
XI
—**III, IV, VI, VII, IX, X, XI, XII
What is the longest cranial nerve?
A- trigeminal
B- glossopharyngeal
C- vagus
Vagus
Neurological examination of a 35 year old woman reveals loss of the general sensation and taste on the posterior 1/3 of the tongue. Gag reflex is is absent. Which nerve might be affected?
A- glossopharyngeal
B- vagus
C- facial
Glossopharyngeal
—-vagus= anterior 2/3
Over a period of years, a 55 year old woman has bouts of tinnitus and nausea that have now progresses to significant hearing loss in her left ear. She is also unable to both eyes which the equal power and has no corneal reflex on the left. She complains of facial numbness on the left and of being unable to keep liquids in her mouth long enough to swallow. What cranial nerve is NOT involved in the patient’s condition?
A- facial
B- Vestibulocochlear
C- glossopharyngeal
Glossopharyngeal
A 48 year old woman has a tumor compressing structures passing through the jugular foramen. Neurological evaluation might reveal ___.
A- alteration of taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
B- loss of gag reflex
C- hyperacusis
Loss of gag reflex.
—-CN IX, X involved
Which cranial nerve passes through foramen magnum?
A- vagus
B- accessory
C- hypoglossal
Accessory
A 34 year old patient has problems with blood pressure regulation. The cause of hate problems seems to be in the carotid sinus and carotid body. Which nerve is involved?
A- accessory
B- hypoglossal
C- glossopharyngeal
Glossopharyngeal
A 36 year old man cannot turn his head to the right and has difficulty raising his left arm above his head to comb his hair. Which structure might be involved?
A- left accessory nerve
B- left vagus nerve
C- left spinal trigeminal tract
Left accessory nerve
Damage to which nerve would cause difficulty in speech production?
A- VII
B- IX
C- XII
XII
Which cranial nerve is formed by the union of the cranial and spinal root.
A- glossopharyngeal
B- vagus
C- accessory
Accessory
Which nerve does NOT use the jugular foramen as a route of exit from the skull?
A- IX
b- XI
C- XII
XII
—-uses hypoglossal canal
Trigeminal system includes___.
A- 3 cranial nerves
B- cranial nerves II, IV, VI
C- 4 cranial nerves
4 cranial nerves
Some cell bodies of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons that innervate the heart are located in the ___
A- nucleus ambiguus
B- solitary nucleus
C- superior cervical ganglion
Nucleus ambiguus
Lesion of hypoglossal nerve would result in ___ deviation of the tongue.
A- ipsilateral
B- contralateral
C- posterior
Ipsilateral
A 22 year old patient has an aneurysm at the junction of the posterior communicating and posterior cerebral arteries that has a compressed a compressed nerve. On the affected side, the patient is most likely to exhibit ___
A- an anopia
B- a dilated pupil
C- a medially deviated eye
A dilated pupil
A 25 year old patient has a craniopharyngioma, which compressed the optic ___ and results in a ___ hemianopia
A- chiasm/ bitemporal heteronymous
B- chiasm/ binasal heteronymous
C- tract/ Contralateral homonymous
Chiasm
Bitemporal heteronymous
Right homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing would result from the lesion of the ___
A- left primary visual cortex
B- left lateral geniculate nucleus
C- right primary visual cortex
D- right lateral geniculate nucleus
Left primary visual cortex
Transection of the right Meyer loop results in a ___ homonymous quadrantanopia.
A- right upper
B- left upper
C- right lower
D- left lower
Left upper
Damage to which structure would interrupt the pupillodilation reflex?
A- Edinger-Westphal nucleus
B- ciliospinal center
C- medial longitudinal fasciculus
Ciliospinal center
Pupillary light reflex pathway is composed of which of the following?
A- ganglion cells of the retina, pretectal nucleus of the midbrain, Oculomotor nucleus of the midbrain and ciliary ganglion of the orbit.
B-ganglion cells of the retina, hypothalamus, ciliospinal center of the spinal cord and superior cervical ganglion.
C- ganglion cells of the retina, pretectal nucleus of the midbrain, Edinger-Westphalia nucleus of the midbrain and ciliary ganglion of the orbit
Ganglion cells of the retina, pretectal nucleus of the midbrain, Edinger-Westphalia nucleus of the midbrain and ciliary ganglion of the orbit.
Bilateral trauma to the cuneate gyri results in a ___ hemianopia
A- bitemporal
B- binasal
C- upper altitudinal
D- lower altitudinal
Lower altitudinal
Posterior part of the primary visual cortex receives input from the ___ of the retina.
A- periphery
B- macula
C- optic disk
Macula
Which structure would be affected by the aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery?
A- oculomotor nerve
B- optic chiasm
C- optic radiation
Optic chiasm
Calcification of both internal carotid arteries that causes lateral compression of the optic chiasm would result in the ___ hemianopia
A- bitemporal
B- binasal
C- contralateral homonymous
Binasal
What is associated with the accommodation reaction?
A- contraction of the ciliary muscle
B- contraction of the dilated pupillae
C- increase in tension of the suspensory ligaments
Contraction of the ciliary muscle
Bitemporal hemianopia would be caused by which condition?
A- pituitary tumor
B- calcification of internal carotid arteries
C- bilateral lesion of the cuneus
Pituitary tumor
Mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal nerve is located in the ___
A- midbrain
B- pons
C- medulla
Midbrain
Which nerve is the afferent limb of the corneal reflex?
A- optic
B- trigeminal
C- facial
Trigeminal
Lesion of which cranial nerve results in deviation of the mandibular upon protrusion?
A- trigeminal
B- facial
C- glossopharyngeal
Trigeminal
Which nucleus mediates the afferent limb of the jaw jerk reflex?
A- spinal trigeminal
B- main trigeminal
C- mesencephalic
Mesencephalic
Destruction of which ganglion would result in absence of the corneal reflex?
A- ciliary
B- trigeminal
C- geniculate
Trigeminal
The cavernous sinus does NOT contain the ___
A- mandibular nerve
B- postganglionic sympathetic fibers
C- preganglionic fibers
Mandibular nerve
Mesencephalic nucleus contains cell bodies of ___ neurons.
A- 2nd order sensory neurons
B- unipolar
C- post ganglionic
Unipolar
Dorsal trigeminothalamic tract mediates___
A- the corneal reflex
B- two-point tactile discrimination
C- pain and temperature sensation
Two-point tactile discrimination
Cell bodies of neurons that mediate pain sensation from the face are found in the ___ third of the spinal trigeminal nucleus
A- rostral
B- middle
C- caudal
Caudal
Lesion of the trigeminal nerve may result in the ___ because of the paralysis of the ___ muscle.
A- hypacusis/ tensor tympani
B- hyperacusis/ stapedius
C- presbycusis/ temporalis
Hypacusis
Tensor tympani
Which statement about dorsal trigeminothalamic tract is correct?
A- cell bodies of 1st order sensory neurons located in the trigeminal ganglion (CN V) and in the sensory ganglia of CN VII, CN IX, and CN X.
B- cell bodies of the 2nd order sensory neurons located in the spinal trigeminal nucleus
C- axons of the 2nd order sensory neurons decussate and terminate in the Contralateral VPM nucleus of the thalamus
Cell bodies of 1st order sensory neurons located in the trigeminal ganglion (CN V) and in the sensory ganglion of CN VII, CN IX, and CN X
Patient has a lesion that has resulted in a loss of touch sensation in the face. The patient still feels pain and temperature sensations, and there is no jaw weakness. The structure most likely affected is the ___
A- main sensory nucleus of the trigeminal nerve
B- trigeminal ganglion
C- spinal trigeminal nucleus
Main sensory nucleus of the trigeminal nerve
Over a period of years, a 55 year old woman has had bouts of tinnitus and nausea that have now progressed to significant hearing loss in her left ear. She is unable to shut both eyes with equal power and has no corneal reflex on the left. She complains of facial numbness on the left and of being unable to keep liquids in her mouth long enough to swallow. Which cranial nerve is NOT involved in patient’s condition?
A-trigeminal
B- abducens
C- facial
Abducens
During a neurological evaluation of a 39 year old patient you note that when you stimulate the right cornea with a wisp of cotton, both eyes blink, but when you stimulate the left cornea, there is no response. Your patient might also have ____
A- a dilated pupil on the left
B- an inability to wrinkle the skin of the forehead
C- altered sensation in the skin of the forehead
Altered sensation in the skin of the forehead
