Exam Review

Question 1

Principles and characteristics of imperative language?

Answer 1

Statements are executed in a step-wise, sequence manner.
Order of execution is crucial
Programmer must declare variables
Memory management is responsibility of a programmer

Question 2

Principles and characteristics of oo language

Answer 2

Encapsulation: functions that operate on data of an objects are tied together in data structures
Polymorphism
Inheritance
Data is hidden

Question 3

Principles and characteristics of functional language

Answer 3

Simple and concise syntax and semantics
Repetition is expressed as recursion
Lazy evaluation expressions are evaluated only when needed

Question 4

What makes up a class?

Answer 4

Data(Private, protected, public) + functions that work this data and provide controlled access to outside world

Question 5

Compile time polymorphism?

Answer 5

Binding at compile to a particular function

Compiler needs sufficient information to resolve which function to call

Question 6

What is run-time polymorphism?

Answer 6

Inheritance, virtual functions and pointers.

Question 7

private vs public vs protected

Answer 7

Private: only member functions of that class can access the variables
Protected: same as private except it gives access to derived classes
Public: accessible to the world

Question 8

When are constructor and destructor function invoked?

Answer 8

Constructor - to create an object

Destructor - when the object falls out of scope or whenever delete operator is called

Question 9

Differences when inheriting via private and public access specifiers.

Answer 9

Using private access specifier for inheritance -> makes everything private in the derived class

Using public access specifier for inheritance -> makes protected data members protected in the derived class + everything becomes public available

Question 10

order of invocation of constructors and destructors

Answer 10

Constructors - parent then children

Destructors - children first then up the inheritance to the most parent class

Question 11

What is a pure virtual function?

Answer 11

A virtual function has no definition in the base class. The derived classes must provide a definition for the function.
This class becomes abstract class