C Programming

Question 1

When and by who was C developed?

Answer 1

By Dennis Ritchie, in 1969

Question 2

What other languages has C influenced?

Answer 2

C++, D, Go, Rust, Java, JS

Question 3

List some formats of C.

Answer 3

A middle level language
Free format 
Structured language
user defined types
Compact - 32 keywords
Portable
Efficient code
Complete control
C is case sensitive

Question 4

What does expr1 ? expr 2 : expr3 mean?

Answer 4

if(expr1)
expr2;
else expr3;

Question 5

What is a pointer?

Answer 5

Pointer is a variable that contains the address of another memory location

Question 6

What does #define do?

Answer 6

it is a preprocessor that is used to define constants and macros.
symbolic constants make the program more readable and are usually in upper case.

Question 7

What does #include do?

Answer 7

substitutes the line with the contents of the file before the program is compiled

Question 8

When is #include commonly used?

Answer 8

To include header files, which contain function prototypes, constant definitions, macro definitions and structure definitions.

Question 9

What are numeric arrays?

Answer 9

Arrays are used to group together a large amount of data which is of the same data type and meaning.

Question 10

What is a function?

Answer 10

A function is a unique code module created to perform a specific task.

Question 11

What are some purposes and advantages of functions?

Answer 11

Structured software
Portability
Reduce size of code
Reduce debugging of code
Better way to debug programs
Code easily changed

Question 12

What are local variables?

Answer 12

Local variables are data objects of any type which are declared within a function

Question 13

What are global variables?

Answer 13

Data objects that are declared outside of a function.

Question 14

What are some basic types of variables?

Answer 14

Automatic and static

Question 15

What is an automatic variable?

Answer 15

Variable who’s value can be changed

Question 16

What are external variables?

Answer 16

External variables are used to reference global variables defined in another file

Question 17

List steps of modular program design

Answer 17

1. Break problem into separate modules or units
2. Each of these modules performs a specific task
3. Each of these modules are going to accept info, process the info, and return useful data.
4. The linking will solve the original problem.

Question 18

What are some benefits of modular program design?

Answer 18

To understand/manage the program

Question 19

What are three allowable types of pointer arithmetic?

Answer 19

Add integers to pointers
Subtract integers from pointers
Subtract pointers from pointers

Question 20

What does dynamic memory allocation do?

Answer 20

Allows to delay reserving of memory for a variable until during execution where the required amount can be optimally specified by the user or program.

Question 21

What is a structure?

Answer 21

A grouping of items of any type and size into a logical entity and single physical size

Question 22

What is a union?

Answer 22

Identical to structures, but all members of a union share the same storage space.