Exam Review Flashcards
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
To synthesize and transport proteins
What is the function of the mitochondria?
To provide energy, in the form of ATP, for the cell
What is the function of the ribosomes?
To synthesize proteins
What is the function of the nucleolus?
Is the site of ribosome production
What is the function of microfilaments and microtubules?
To provide structure and movement for the cell
What is the function of the lysosome?
To break down waste and dead organelles
What is the function of the golgi apparatus?
To package and transport proteins
What is active transport? Give an example.
Moving material across the cell membrane using diffusion. Protein channel
What is passive transport? Give an example.
Materials moving across a cell membrane with no required energy
Describe the process of making and exporting a protein.
Ribosomes make proteins, ER transports protein to GA, GA packages and transports out of the cell
Describe what a cell membrane looks like.
Organized in a phospholipid bilayer formation
What is diffusion?
Molecules or particles moved passively across a concentration gradient
What are the three steps of a cells life cycle?
Interphase (G1, S, G2), Mitosis, Cytokinesis
What are the four steps of Mitosis?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
What stage of Mitosis does chromatin become chromosomes and the nuclear membrane break down?
Prophase
What stage of Mitosis do chromosomes line up in the center of the cell?
Metaphase
What stage of Mitosis do the centrosomes pull the chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell?
Anaphase
What stage of Mitosis shows that the cell is on the verge of splitting into two?
Telophase
What is the purpose of centrosomes in cellular division?
To pull chromosomes to opposite poles during Anaphase
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is the difference between hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic
Hypertonic: shrivel, puts out more than it can take in
Hypotonic: explode, takes in more than it can put out
Isotonic: equillibrium
What is the function of the cell membrane?
To keep bad things out and good things in the cell.
Tissue that binds skin to internal organs.
Areolar
Tissue found between vertebrae.
Fibrocartilage
Tissue that is dense and makes up tendons and ligaments.
Dense Fiborous
Tissue that covers ends of bones at joints.
Hyaline cartilage
Structural tissue of the skeleton
Bone
