Bones Flashcards
Bones vary in _______ and _______.
Size, shape
What makes bones similar to one another?
Structure, development, and function
What are three of the six types of bones?
Long, short, flat, sesamoid, irregular, wormian
A bone that is longer that it is wide.
Long bone
A bone that is cubelike, with roughly equal lengths and widths.
Short bones
A bone that is platelike with broad srufaces.
Flat bones
A bone that can take a variety of shapes but usually connects with other bones.
Irregular bones
A bone that may not be present in every human due to variations during development.
Wormian bones
A bone that is round usually found in joints.
Sesamoid bones
What is an example of a long bone?
Femur, tibya, fibula
What is an example of a short bone?
Carpals, tarsals
What is an example of an irregular bone?
Pelvis, vertebral column
What is an example of wormian bones?
Extra plates in skull
What is an example of a flat bone?
Ribs, skull, scapulae (shoulder bones)
What is an example of sesamoid bone?
Patella
What are the ends (and middle) of the bones called?
Epiphysis(ends), Diaphysis(middle)
What is the outermost layer of the bone?
Periosteum
What type of bone is located directly underneath the periosteum?
Compact bone
Where is the medullary cavity located?
Within the Diaphysis
Name two things that are contained within the medullary cavity?
Endosteum, yellow marrow, spongy bone, blood vessels, nerves
What is the purpose of yellow marrow?
To store fat and nutrients
What is the purpose of red marrow?
To create red and white blood cells
What type of bone is tightly packed due to a continuous extracellular matrix?
Compact Bone
What is the term for many branching bony plates within the spongy bone?
Trebeculae
Compact bone is composed of many cylindrical chambers called _______.
Osteons
