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Biology Honors > exam review > Flashcards

exam review Flashcards

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0
Q

a scientist investigsted a mutation in a gene of an organism, after studying, the scientist concluded that the mutation would not be passed to the organism offspring. what evidNAE BEST SUPPORTS THAT THE scientist concludes

A

the mutattion occured in body cell, not gamate

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1
Q

cell division (mitosis) process

A

interphase-prophase-metaphase-anaphase-telophase

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2
Q

what is cancer

A

uncontrolled cell division

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3
Q

composition of a tumor

A

a mass of cells, can be cancerous

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4
Q

instead of cytokenisis, what is it in a plant?

A

cell plate phase, it occurs in M phase

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5
Q

Aminal vs. Plant cell

A

Plant-cell wall and large central vacuole.

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6
Q

what is the job of chloroplast?

A

convert sunlight to energy

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7
Q

one of unique things of water is it can keep a tempature, why is it impoartant

A

most fish cant survie rapid tempature change

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8
Q

organic molcules?

A

nitrogen,carbon,oxygen,hydrogen

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9
Q

why is DNA replication important to cell cycle?

A

allows cells to divide into 2 daughter cells with complete genetic info

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10
Q

what is the central dogma of biology

A

DNA-RNA-PROTEIN

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11
Q

Types of RNA

A

messanger-transfer-ribosomal

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12
Q

molecules going from low to high concentration is?

A

active transportation

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13
Q

name macromolocules

A

proteins, lipids, nucleic acid, carbohydrates

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14
Q

hershey and chase

A

discovered w experiments that DNA was in genetic material in genes, not just in viruses

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15
Q

role of dna heredity

A

DNA that makes up genes must be capable of storing, copying, and transmitting genetic info

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16
Q

proteins are made up of

A

amino acids

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17
Q

fats are made up of

A

lipids

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18
Q

carbohydrates are made of

A

sugars

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19
Q

nucleic acids are made up of

A

nuclio tides

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20
Q

activation energy?

A

amount of energy needed to get a reaction started

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21
Q

what is a catalyst?

A

substance that speeds up the chemical reaction

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22
Q

what is an enzyme?

A

proteins that act as natural catalyst

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23
Q

the reactant of an enzyme is a

A

substrate

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24
Q

enzymatic activity is affected by

A

PH, tempature, and regulatory molocules

25
Q

positively charges molocules

A

protons

26
Q

photosythesis

A

uses sunlight to convert to energy

27
Q

cells are

A

the basic unit of life

28
Q

explain cell theory

A

all cells come from previous cells.
cells basic unit of life
all living things are made up of cells.

29
Q

thin flexiable barrier of a cell

A

cell mambrane

30
Q

the nucleous stores

A

genetic materal

31
Q

prokyeriote vs eukaryote

A

eukaryote has nucleous and prokyote doesnt

32
Q

organelles means

A

little organs

33
Q

vacuouls do what

A

store shit

34
Q

lyosomes do what

A

breaksdown shit

35
Q

cytoskeleton is for

A

to keep cell in shape and involved in movement

36
Q

golgi appartus

A

modifies, sorts, and packages

37
Q

mitochnadria is the

A

powerhouse of cell

38
Q

lipid bilayer

A

forms strong flexiable layer

39
Q

selective permiable

A

only allows certain shit to enter and exit

40
Q

diffusion

A

high concentration to low concentration

41
Q

facilitated diffusion

A

diffused through special channels

42
Q

aquaporins

A

only water passes through them

43
Q

osmosis

A

diffusion of water through selective permeable membrane

44
Q

iso
hypo
hyper
tonic

A

equal
below
over or exessive
strength

45
Q

active transport is

A

needs energy for it to transfer

46
Q

homeostasis

A

constant internal and chemical

47
Q

Which organic molocules is formed by strings of Amino Acids

A

Proteins

48
Q

Function of nucleic acids

A

Help transmit genetic information

49
Q

Water has the ability to keep constant tempatures even if the weather is not constant, why is this important

A

Many aquatic animals can’t survive rapid weather changes

50
Q 
All cells have 
A.nucleous
B.cell wall
C.chloroplast
D. Cell membrane
A

D. Cell membrane

51
Q

How does DNA differ from Prokyotes vs. Eukyotes

A

Pro. Has it suspended in cytoplasm and Euk. Has it stored in nucleous

52
Q

Ways to differentiate plant cell from animal cell

A

Only plants have a cell wall and large central vacuole.

Animal plants doesn’t

53
Q

Organellses involved in energy conversion

A

Mitochondria and chloroplast

54
Q

Function of cell membrane

A

Regulate things in and out of cell

55
Q

Channels and pumps of a cell are made up of

A

Proteins

56
Q

Cell theory was developed by

A

Careful observations

57
Q

Led to development of cell theory

A

Controlled experiments

58
Q

All cells have a

A

Mitochondria

59
Q

A daughter cell has

A

Identical copied of Genetic information

60
Q

What makes up nucleotides

A

Phosphate group
Sugar
Nitrogenous bases

61
Q

DNA vs RNA

A

DNA- double stranded A-T C-G

RNA single stranded A-U C-G

Biology Honors (9 decks)

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