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ANATOMY FINAL > EXAM QUESTIONS: midterm II > Flashcards

EXAM QUESTIONS: midterm II Flashcards

1
Q

Where and on which side can be found the perikarions of the fibers of the spinothalamic tract?

A

spinal ggl. , contra.

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2
Q

Where does the medial lemniscus terminate?

A

VPL (ventral posterolateral nucleus)

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3
Q

Which tract starts from the Clarke’ s cell colunm?

A

dorsal spinocerebellar (flechsig).

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4
Q

Where and on which side do the axons of the gracile and cuneate nucleus terminate?

A

internal arcuate fibers → midddle lemniscus → VPL, contra

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5
Q

Where do you find the 2nd order neurons of the pain-conducting pathway which carries the impulses from the head?

A

spinal nucl. Of trigeminal → trigeminal lemniscus → VPM

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6
Q

In which funiculus and on which side can be found the pathway transmitting the touch sensation from the body?

A

dorsal funiculus, ipsi.

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7
Q

Where does the trigeminal lemniscus terminate?

A

VPM

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8
Q

Where is the end of the central tegmental tract ?

A

inferior olive.

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9
Q

In which part and on which side of the cerebellum does the dorsal spinocerebellar tract end?

A

vermis, mossy fibers, ipsi

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10
Q

In which part and on which side of the cerebellum does the pontocerebellar tract end?

A

hemisphere (mosi fibers), contra

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11
Q

where do fibres of the corticonuclear tract terminate?

A

motor neurons of cranial n

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12
Q

where on and which cells does the corticospinal tract end?

A 
spinal cord
ventral hron ( alpha, gamma, motor neurons)
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13
Q

Please find the tract which doesn’t pass through the superior cerebellar peduncle?

a. cerebellothalamic tract
b. cerebellorubral tract
c. vestibulocerebellar tract
d. spinocerebellar tract

A

c. vestibulocerebellar tract

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14
Q

Where do the axons of the neurons of the mesencephalic nucleus end?

A

pontine nucl. → VPM. (motor neuron of reflex arch, maybe)

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15
Q

How do you call the cells innervating the intrafusal fibers of the muscle spindle?

A

gamma motor neurons

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16
Q

.Where do those sympathetic preganglionic fibers synapse which pass to the periphery (to the skin)?

A

synaptic trunk

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17
Q

. Where do those sympathetic preganglionic fibers synapse which pass to the viscera?

A

prevertebral ggl.

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18
Q

Where do you find the sympathetic preganglionic neurons?

A

lateral horn

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19
Q

Which kind of nucleus is the dorsal n. of X.?

A

GVM

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20
Q

Which neuron is the only excitatory neuron of the cerebellar cortex?

A

stellate cells.

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21
Q

With which kind of fibers ends the olivocerebellar tract?

A

climbing fibers.

22
Q

Where do you find the synapse in the proprioceptiv (strech, masseteric) reflex of the muscles of mastication?

A

motor trigeminal nucl.

23
Q

In which nuclei of the cerebellum terminates the cerebellothalamic tract?

A

dentate/ VA,AL

24
Q

Where does the ansa lenticularis start?

A

A: globus pallidus.

25
Q

.Where does the globus pallidus get its afferents?

A

cortex
SN
thalamus

26
Q

Except the VPL/VPM which nuclei of the thalamus play role in the pain sensation?

A

intralaminar nuclei

27
Q

Which nuclei of the thalamus send fibers to the limbic cortex (cingulate)?

A

AV, AD, AM, LD

28
Q

Which nucleus is not general visceromotor?

a. sup. salivatory nucl.
b. solitary nucleus
c. dorsalis vagal nucleus
d. accessory oculomotor nucl.

A

b. solitary nucleus is not general

29
Q

Which pathway is responsible for the transmission of the epicritic sensibility?

A

medial lemniscus, trigeminal lemniscus.

30
Q

How do you call the pain-sensitive receptors?

A

nociceptors

31
Q

Which tracts are responsible for the proprioception?

A

spinocerebellar???? (dorsal column – med lem, trigeminal lemn)

32
Q

In which nucleus do the pain-fibers coming from the head terminate?

A

VPM????

33
Q

Which nerve innervates anterior belly of digastric?

A

mylohyoid n. (mandibular n.)

34
Q

Which nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?

A

mandibular N

35
Q

What is the only motor branch of the sensory root of the mandibular nerve?

A

A: mylohyoid + ant. Belly of digestric.

36
Q

What do the the axons of the cells of the ciliary ganglion innervate?

A

ciliary mucles, spichter papillae muscle.

37
Q

What does the abducent nerve innervate?

A

lateral rectus muscle

38
Q

What does the hypoglossal nerve innervate?

A

motor innervation of intrinsic and extrinsic muscle (except palatoglossus) + supra/infra hyoid.

39
Q

What does the trochlear nerve innervate?

A

sup oblique muscle

40
Q

How do you call the axons of the cells of the ciliary ganglion?

A

postganglionic parasympathetic → short ciliary n.

41
Q

Where do the axons of the cells of the Edinger-Westfal (acc. oculomotor) nucleus end

A

ciliary ggl.

42
Q

Where do the general visceral efferent fibers (branchialmotor) of the facial nerve originate?

A

facial nucl.

43
Q

Where do the general visceral afferents of the IX. cranial nerve terminate?

A

A: inf. Salivatory nucl.

44
Q

Where do the descending fibers of the medial longitudinal fascicle originate ?

A

A: medial vestibular nucl. + sup. Colliculus.

45
Q

Which kind of neurotransmitters can be found in the cells of locus coeruleus ?

A: noradregenic.

A

A: noradregenic.

46
Q

Fibers of which cranial nerve cross before leaving the brain?

A

A: troclear (4th)

47
Q

Which cranial nerve nuclei can be found in the rostral part of the pons?

A

A: motor trigeminal, chief sensory of trigeminal, sup. Salivatory of facial.

48
Q

Which disease appers if the cells of the substantia nigra degenerate?

A

A: parkinson’s.

49
Q

Which kind of neurotransmitters can be found in the striatonigral tract?

A

GABA.

50
Q

Which kind of neurotransmitters can be found in the raphe nuclei?

.

A

seratonin

ANATOMY FINAL (8 decks)

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