EXAM QUESTIONS

Question 1

What is rhabdo?

Answer 1

Any type of muscle damage caused from
- accidents
- heat
- overuse

Question 2

What are symptoms of rhabdomyolysis?

Answer 2

• muscle cramps
• dark tea color urine
• feeling weak or tired

Question 3

What 2 hormones does somatostatin inhibit the release of

Answer 3

insulin and glucagon

Question 4

What is the longest nerve in the body ?

Answer 4

Sciatic nerve - 9cm

Question 5

Most common cause of pancreatitis?

Answer 5

gallstones and heavy drinking

Question 6

Pernicious anaemia

Answer 6

• weakened stomach lining
• diarrhoea or constipation

Question 7

Iron deficient anaemia

Answer 7

headaches, head ringing

Question 8

Aplastic anaemia

Answer 8

bone marrow is unable to produce enough RBC for the body to work normally
- infections, weakness and bruising

Question 9

Haemolytic anaemia

Answer 9

RBCs are destroyed faster than they can be made
- paleness, dark urine and weakness

Question 10

Sickle cell anaemia

Answer 10

RBCs are abnormally shaped and can vasocculude causing crises
- painful episodes
- infections

Question 11

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor

Answer 11

Treat high blood pressure and heart failure
Ramipril, enalpril

Question 12

Beta - adrenoceptor antagonist

Answer 12

vasodilator
Bisoprolol

Question 13

prevents platelet adhesion

Answer 13

aspirin - reduces clot formation

Question 14

Anticoagulant drugs

Answer 14

blood thinners
rivaroxaban
apixaban

Question 15

Hypercholesteremia

Answer 15

high cholesterol
statins reduce the amount of cholesterol your body makes

Question 16

What are misshapen prions and what do they lead to

Answer 16

normal prions that clump in the brain causing
memory impairment
personality changes
difficulties with movement

Question 17

motor neuron disease

Answer 17

rare condition that progressively damages parts of the spine signs:
weakness in the ankle or leg
slurred speech

Question 18

Creutzfeldt -jakob disease

Answer 18

fatal neurodegenerative disorder believed to be caused by an abnormal isoform of a cellular glycoprotein known as the prion protein.
loss of memory
changes in personality

Question 19

What is muscular dystrophy

Answer 19

group of muscle diseases caused by mutations in a persons genes
frequent falls
waddling gait

Question 20

pneumonia

Answer 20

inflammation of the tissue in the lungs / fluid.

Question 21

What is intravascular coagulation

Answer 21

abnormal blood clotting throughout the body
bleeding
bruising
postural drop

Question 22

Petechia

Answer 22

pinpoint, round spots that appear on the skin as a result of bleeding caused by bacterial/fungal infections

Question 23

thrombocytopenia

Answer 23

deficiency of platelets in the blood - can get blood in stool

Question 24

Acute renal failure

Answer 24

sudden episode of kidney failure within a few days

Question 25

vascular occlusions

Answer 25

blood is no longer able to pass through a blood vessel

Question 26

Causes of acute renal failure

Answer 26

blood or fluid loss
blood pressure medication
heart attack

Question 27

mendelian inheritance theory led to the development of

Answer 27

classical genetics about how traits are passed from parents to offspring
laws of
segregation
dominannce
independent assortment

Question 28

where are peptic ulcers commonly found

Answer 28

on the lining of your stomach or the first part of your small intestine (duodenum)

Question 29

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect your

Answer 29

urinary tract
bladder (cystitis),
urethra (urethritis)
kidneys (kidney infection)

Question 30

side effects of cytotoxic drugs

Answer 30

abdo pain
hair loss
vomiting
liver damage

Question 31

aphthous ulcers

Answer 31

shallow lesions that develop on the soft tissues in your mouth or at the base of your gums.

Question 32

benign tumour

Answer 32

a growth that is not cancer it does not invade nor spread to other parts of the body